Cross-Tabs: April 2024 Times/Siena Poll of the Likely Electorate

April 13, 2024

Donald Trump leads Joe Biden, 47 percent to 46 percent, among the likely electorate.

Toplines | Registered Voter Cross-Tabs | Likely Electorate Cross-Tabs

Do you think the United States is on the right track, or is it headed in the wrong direction?
	Likely Electorate	Gender		Age				Race/Ethnicity				Education		Race/Education				Region				Neighborhood Type			2024 Vote Choice			Party ID			2020 Vote
	Likely Electorate	Men	Women	18-29	30-44	45-64	65+	White	Black	Hispanic	Oth.	B.A.+	No B.A.	White, college	White, no college	Non-white, college	Non-white, no college	Midwest	North-East	South	West	City	Suburb	Rural/ Small Town	Biden	Trump	Oth.	Dem.	Rep.	Ind.	Biden	Trump	Did not vote
Right track	26%	26%	26%	22%	18%	28%	33%	25%	31%	26%	22%	30%	23%	32%	21%	25%	28%	27%	29%	24%	24%	32%	28%	19%	48%	6%	10%	45%	7%	25%	45%	5%	25%
Wrong direction	65%	67%	64%	72%	69%	67%	56%	67%	59%	59%	63%	59%	69%	57%	74%	66%	57%	63%	55%	69%	69%	57%	61%	75%	37%	91%	74%	41%	90%	64%	41%	93%	63%
[VOLUNTEERED] Don't know/Refused	9%	8%	11%	6%	13%	5%	10%	8%	10%	15%	15%	11%	8%	11%	5%	9%	16%	10%	16%	7%	7%	11%	11%	7%	15%	3%	16%	14%	2%	10%	15%	2%	12%
Number of respondents	1,059	520	527	192	272	330	210	695	112	134	79	489	562	337	356	131	191	211	208	408	232	260	436	363	471	496	92	315	274	365	439	370	179
Percent of total electorate	100%	47%	53%	12%	22%	33%	28%	68%	10%	10%	7%	40%	59%	28%	40%	11%	17%	22%	20%	35%	24%	22%	43%	35%	46%	47%	7%	33%	28%	31%	44%	40%	10%

Thinking ahead to the presidential general election, are you almost certain that you will vote, very likely to vote, somewhat likely to vote, not very likely to vote or not at all likely to vote?
	Likely Electorate	Gender		Age				Race/Ethnicity				Education		Race/Education				Region				Neighborhood Type			2024 Vote Choice			Party ID			2020 Vote
	Likely Electorate	Men	Women	18-29	30-44	45-64	65+	White	Black	Hispanic	Oth.	B.A.+	No B.A.	White, college	White, no college	Non-white, college	Non-white, no college	Midwest	North-East	South	West	City	Suburb	Rural/ Small Town	Biden	Trump	Oth.	Dem.	Rep.	Ind.	Biden	Trump	Did not vote
Almost certain	64%	68%	60%	42%	63%	65%	68%	69%	49%	44%	53%	69%	59%	74%	66%	58%	40%	68%	63%	64%	58%	66%	62%	64%	66%	64%	46%	66%	65%	61%	66%	69%	30%
Very likely	27%	24%	28%	35%	27%	27%	25%	24%	35%	43%	23%	24%	28%	22%	25%	31%	39%	24%	26%	26%	30%	26%	26%	27%	25%	29%	25%	26%	30%	27%	27%	27%	29%
Somewhat likely	5%	4%	6%	15%	5%	3%	3%	3%	9%	6%	18%	4%	6%	2%	4%	8%	13%	4%	6%	6%	4%	4%	7%	3%	5%	4%	14%	5%	2%	6%	4%	3%	17%
Not very likely	1%	<1%	1%	4%	1%	<1%	<.5%	<1%	2%	2%	3%	<1%	1%	<.5%	<1%	2%	3%	<1%	<1%	<1%	2%	1%	<1%	1%	1%	<.5%	4%	1%	<.5%	1%	<1%	<.5%	6%
Not at all likely	3%	2%	3%	3%	3%	2%	3%	2%	5%	4%	3%	1%	4%	1%	3%	1%	6%	3%	2%	2%	4%	2%	4%	2%	3%	2%	8%	1%	2%	4%	1%	1%	15%
[VOL] Already voted	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%
[VOL] Don't know/Refused	<1%	1%	<1%	1%	<1%	2%	<1%	1%	0%	<.5%	<.5%	<1%	1%	<1%	2%	<.5%	<.5%	1%	<1%	<.5%	2%	<.5%	<1%	2%	<1%	1%	3%	0%	1%	2%	<1%	<1%	3%
Number of respondents	1,059	520	527	192	272	330	210	695	112	134	79	489	562	337	356	131	191	211	208	408	232	260	436	363	471	496	92	315	274	365	439	370	179
Percent of total electorate	100%	47%	53%	12%	22%	33%	28%	68%	10%	10%	7%	40%	59%	28%	40%	11%	17%	22%	20%	35%	24%	22%	43%	35%	46%	47%	7%	33%	28%	31%	44%	40%	10%

(Includes leaners) If the 2024 presidential election were held today, who would you vote for if the candidates were:
	Likely Electorate	Gender		Age				Race/Ethnicity				Education		Race/Education				Region				Neighborhood Type			2024 Vote Choice			Party ID			2020 Vote
	Likely Electorate	Men	Women	18-29	30-44	45-64	65+	White	Black	Hispanic	Oth.	B.A.+	No B.A.	White, college	White, no college	Non-white, college	Non-white, no college	Midwest	North-East	South	West	City	Suburb	Rural/ Small Town	Biden	Trump	Oth.	Dem.	Rep.	Ind.	Biden	Trump	Did not vote
Joe Biden, the Democrat	46%	37%	54%	47%	46%	44%	52%	41%	76%	52%	61%	57%	39%	55%	31%	62%	62%	41%	56%	40%	53%	60%	53%	30%	100%	0%	0%	90%	5%	44%	90%	3%	36%
Donald Trump, the Republican	47%	57%	38%	45%	44%	52%	43%	53%	16%	39%	34%	37%	53%	39%	63%	33%	28%	50%	39%	52%	43%	35%	41%	62%	0%	100%	0%	8%	91%	47%	7%	94%	42%
[VOL] Don't know/Refused	7%	6%	8%	8%	10%	4%	5%	6%	9%	9%	5%	6%	8%	6%	6%	5%	10%	9%	5%	8%	4%	5%	7%	8%	0%	0%	100%	2%	4%	9%	3%	3%	21%
Number of respondents	1,059	520	527	192	272	330	210	695	112	134	79	489	562	337	356	131	191	211	208	408	232	260	436	363	471	496	92	315	274	365	439	370	179
Percent of total electorate	100%	47%	53%	12%	22%	33%	28%	68%	10%	10%	7%	40%	59%	28%	40%	11%	17%	22%	20%	35%	24%	22%	43%	35%	46%	47%	7%	33%	28%	31%	44%	40%	10%

(Without leaners) If the 2024 presidential election were held today, who would you vote for if the candidates were:
	Likely Electorate	Gender		Age				Race/Ethnicity				Education		Race/Education				Region				Neighborhood Type			2024 Vote Choice			Party ID			2020 Vote
	Likely Electorate	Men	Women	18-29	30-44	45-64	65+	White	Black	Hispanic	Oth.	B.A.+	No B.A.	White, college	White, no college	Non-white, college	Non-white, no college	Midwest	North-East	South	West	City	Suburb	Rural/ Small Town	Biden	Trump	Oth.	Dem.	Rep.	Ind.	Biden	Trump	Did not vote
Joe Biden, the Democrat	42%	33%	51%	38%	42%	41%	50%	38%	68%	46%	54%	53%	35%	52%	29%	60%	52%	39%	51%	37%	47%	56%	47%	28%	92%	0%	0%	87%	4%	38%	84%	2%	30%
Donald Trump, the Republican	43%	52%	34%	38%	39%	49%	40%	49%	12%	36%	27%	34%	48%	37%	57%	27%	25%	43%	35%	49%	39%	32%	36%	57%	0%	91%	0%	5%	86%	42%	6%	89%	33%
[VOL] Robert F. Kennedy Jr., the independent	2%	2%	2%	<.5%	4%	2%	<.5%	2%	1%	<1%	0%	2%	2%	3%	2%	<1%	<.5%	2%	2%	2%	2%	2%	2%	2%	<.5%	2%	10%	<.5%	2%	3%	<1%	3%	3%
[VOL] Jill Stein, the Green Party candidate	<.5%	<1%	<.5%	<1%	1%	<.5%	0%	<.5%	0%	<1%	0%	<.5%	<.5%	<.5%	<1%	<1%	0%	0%	1%	<.5%	<.5%	<1%	<.5%	<1%	<1%	<.5%	0%	<.5%	0%	1%	<.5%	0%	<.5%
[VOL] Cornel West, the independent	<.5%	<.5%	<.5%	0%	<.5%	<.5%	0%	<.5%	0%	<1%	0%	<.5%	<.5%	<.5%	0%	0%	<.5%	<.5%	0%	0%	<.5%	0%	<.5%	<.5%	<.5%	0%	0%	<.5%	0%	<.5%	<.5%	0%	0%
[VOL] Another candidate	2%	2%	2%	4%	<1%	2%	2%	2%	2%	3%	<1%	2%	2%	2%	2%	1%	3%	4%	1%	2%	<1%	2%	3%	1%	2%	1%	11%	<1%	1%	3%	2%	<1%	5%
[VOL] Not going to vote/wouldn't vote if those were the choices	5%	4%	6%	11%	8%	3%	4%	4%	4%	3%	14%	5%	6%	5%	4%	6%	7%	6%	5%	4%	6%	3%	6%	6%	3%	4%	27%	2%	4%	7%	5%	2%	16%
[VOL] Don't know/Refused	5%	5%	5%	7%	5%	3%	5%	3%	12%	10%	5%	3%	7%	2%	4%	4%	12%	6%	4%	6%	4%	4%	6%	5%	2%	1%	53%	4%	3%	5%	2%	3%	12%
Number of respondents	1,059	520	527	192	272	330	210	695	112	134	79	489	562	337	356	131	191	211	208	408	232	260	436	363	471	496	92	315	274	365	439	370	179
Percent of total electorate	100%	47%	53%	12%	22%	33%	28%	68%	10%	10%	7%	40%	59%	28%	40%	11%	17%	22%	20%	35%	24%	22%	43%	35%	46%	47%	7%	33%	28%	31%	44%	40%	10%

(Recoded to age) In what year were you born?
	Likely Electorate	Gender		Age				Race/Ethnicity				Education		Race/Education				Region				Neighborhood Type			2024 Vote Choice			Party ID			2020 Vote
	Likely Electorate	Men	Women	18-29	30-44	45-64	65+	White	Black	Hispanic	Oth.	B.A.+	No B.A.	White, college	White, no college	Non-white, college	Non-white, no college	Midwest	North-East	South	West	City	Suburb	Rural/ Small Town	Biden	Trump	Oth.	Dem.	Rep.	Ind.	Biden	Trump	Did not vote
18-29	12%	12%	12%	100%	0%	0%	0%	8%	17%	32%	27%	10%	14%	6%	10%	24%	27%	9%	11%	12%	17%	11%	13%	12%	13%	12%	14%	14%	10%	11%	12%	7%	37%
30-44	22%	22%	21%	0%	100%	0%	0%	21%	19%	25%	28%	26%	19%	25%	19%	29%	20%	21%	23%	20%	23%	21%	20%	24%	21%	20%	31%	18%	19%	27%	22%	21%	22%
45-64	33%	33%	33%	0%	0%	100%	0%	34%	31%	27%	29%	36%	30%	38%	31%	31%	27%	32%	36%	33%	31%	35%	31%	33%	31%	36%	21%	30%	35%	36%	33%	38%	21%
65+	28%	28%	28%	0%	0%	0%	100%	33%	30%	8%	13%	22%	32%	27%	37%	9%	21%	35%	23%	28%	25%	28%	29%	27%	31%	26%	21%	35%	33%	19%	30%	28%	17%
Refused	5%	5%	6%	0%	0%	0%	0%	4%	4%	7%	3%	6%	4%	4%	4%	7%	4%	3%	7%	7%	4%	6%	7%	4%	4%	6%	13%	4%	2%	7%	3%	6%	3%
Number of respondents	1,059	520	527	192	272	330	210	695	112	134	79	489	562	337	356	131	191	211	208	408	232	260	436	363	471	496	92	315	274	365	439	370	179
Percent of total electorate	100%	47%	53%	12%	22%	33%	28%	68%	10%	10%	7%	40%	59%	28%	40%	11%	17%	22%	20%	35%	24%	22%	43%	35%	46%	47%	7%	33%	28%	31%	44%	40%	10%

What is the highest educational level that you have completed?
	Likely Electorate	Gender		Age				Race/Ethnicity				Education		Race/Education				Region				Neighborhood Type			2024 Vote Choice			Party ID			2020 Vote
	Likely Electorate	Men	Women	18-29	30-44	45-64	65+	White	Black	Hispanic	Oth.	B.A.+	No B.A.	White, college	White, no college	Non-white, college	Non-white, no college	Midwest	North-East	South	West	City	Suburb	Rural/ Small Town	Biden	Trump	Oth.	Dem.	Rep.	Ind.	Biden	Trump	Did not vote
Grade school	4%	5%	3%	4%	2%	3%	7%	4%	6%	4%	4%	0%	6%	0%	6%	0%	8%	8%	4%	1%	3%	3%	3%	5%	3%	4%	7%	3%	2%	5%	3%	3%	10%
High school	24%	21%	27%	35%	23%	18%	30%	23%	22%	37%	22%	0%	41%	0%	39%	0%	46%	26%	21%	23%	26%	21%	22%	29%	21%	27%	23%	25%	34%	13%	18%	27%	48%
Vocational or trade school	4%	5%	3%	4%	4%	4%	5%	4%	5%	2%	6%	0%	7%	0%	7%	0%	7%	5%	5%	5%	2%	3%	3%	6%	4%	4%	6%	3%	4%	6%	4%	5%	3%
Some college, no degree	17%	19%	14%	16%	14%	18%	17%	17%	18%	13%	15%	0%	28%	0%	29%	0%	25%	15%	13%	20%	17%	17%	16%	18%	12%	21%	20%	12%	19%	17%	13%	21%	15%
Associate’s degree	10%	10%	9%	8%	9%	12%	8%	11%	15%	6%	2%	0%	17%	0%	18%	0%	14%	10%	10%	11%	8%	8%	10%	11%	9%	11%	8%	8%	10%	12%	10%	10%	3%
Bachelor's degree	25%	24%	25%	29%	30%	27%	16%	24%	19%	29%	38%	61%	0%	58%	0%	72%	0%	20%	23%	27%	26%	28%	27%	19%	29%	20%	23%	28%	19%	27%	32%	20%	12%
Graduate or professional degree	16%	14%	17%	4%	18%	18%	16%	17%	11%	8%	14%	39%	0%	42%	0%	28%	0%	15%	22%	12%	17%	21%	18%	10%	20%	12%	12%	18%	13%	19%	20%	13%	6%
[VOL] Refused	1%	<1%	1%	0%	0%	2%	1%	<1%	3%	2%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	<.5%	2%	2%	<1%	0%	1%	2%	1%	1%	0%	1%	1%	1%	<1%	2%	2%
Number of respondents	1,059	520	527	192	272	330	210	695	112	134	79	489	562	337	356	131	191	211	208	408	232	260	436	363	471	496	92	315	274	365	439	370	179
Percent of total electorate	100%	47%	53%	12%	22%	33%	28%	68%	10%	10%	7%	40%	59%	28%	40%	11%	17%	22%	20%	35%	24%	22%	43%	35%	46%	47%	7%	33%	28%	31%	44%	40%	10%

Would you consider yourself:
	Likely Electorate	Gender		Age				Race/Ethnicity				Education		Race/Education				Region				Neighborhood Type			2024 Vote Choice			Party ID			2020 Vote
	Likely Electorate	Men	Women	18-29	30-44	45-64	65+	White	Black	Hispanic	Oth.	B.A.+	No B.A.	White, college	White, no college	Non-white, college	Non-white, no college	Midwest	North-East	South	West	City	Suburb	Rural/ Small Town	Biden	Trump	Oth.	Dem.	Rep.	Ind.	Biden	Trump	Did not vote
White	68%	71%	65%	44%	67%	69%	80%	99%	0%	0%	0%	68%	68%	98%	99%	0%	0%	82%	69%	65%	56%	53%	64%	81%	60%	76%	60%	57%	84%	67%	61%	80%	55%
Hispanic or Latino	10%	8%	13%	26%	12%	9%	3%	0%	0%	98%	0%	9%	11%	0%	0%	35%	39%	3%	7%	9%	21%	15%	12%	5%	12%	9%	12%	12%	6%	10%	11%	6%	21%
Black or African American	10%	9%	11%	13%	8%	9%	10%	0%	99%	0%	0%	7%	11%	0%	0%	28%	40%	5%	11%	15%	5%	17%	11%	4%	16%	3%	13%	19%	2%	9%	17%	2%	10%
Asian	3%	3%	3%	7%	3%	3%	0%	0%	0%	0%	37%	4%	2%	0%	0%	17%	5%	2%	4%	1%	4%	4%	4%	<1%	4%	1%	2%	4%	<.5%	2%	4%	<1%	5%
American Indian or Alaska Native	<.5%	<1%	<.5%	<1%	<1%	<1%	0%	0%	0%	0%	7%	<1%	<.5%	0%	0%	3%	1%	<.5%	0%	<.5%	2%	<1%	<.5%	<.5%	<.5%	<1%	0%	<.5%	<.5%	<1%	<.5%	<1%	1%
Middle Eastern or North African	<1%	<1%	<1%	2%	<1%	<1%	<1%	0%	0%	0%	10%	<1%	<1%	0%	0%	3%	2%	<1%	1%	0%	2%	2%	0%	<1%	1%	<.5%	0%	2%	<.5%	0%	1%	<.5%	0%
Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander	<1%	<1%	<.5%	<.5%	<.5%	0%	2%	0%	0%	0%	9%	<.5%	<1%	0%	0%	1%	3%	0%	0%	<.5%	2%	<1%	1%	<.5%	<1%	<.5%	0%	1%	<.5%	<.5%	<.5%	<.5%	2%
[VOL] Some other race (specify)	2%	2%	2%	1%	3%	2%	1%	1%	<1%	2%	9%	3%	1%	2%	<1%	4%	3%	2%	2%	1%	3%	4%	1%	2%	2%	2%	3%	2%	1%	2%	2%	2%	<1%
[VOL] More than one race	2%	2%	2%	5%	2%	2%	<.5%	0%	0%	0%	29%	2%	2%	0%	0%	8%	7%	1%	<1%	3%	2%	2%	2%	2%	2%	2%	4%	<1%	<1%	4%	2%	1%	3%
[VOL] Refused	4%	3%	4%	0%	3%	5%	3%	0%	0%	0%	0%	4%	3%	0%	0%	0%	0%	4%	4%	4%	3%	2%	4%	5%	2%	5%	7%	1%	5%	4%	2%	6%	2%
Number of respondents	1,059	520	527	192	272	330	210	695	112	134	79	489	562	337	356	131	191	211	208	408	232	260	436	363	471	496	92	315	274	365	439	370	179
Percent of total electorate	100%	47%	53%	12%	22%	33%	28%	68%	10%	10%	7%	40%	59%	28%	40%	11%	17%	22%	20%	35%	24%	22%	43%	35%	46%	47%	7%	33%	28%	31%	44%	40%	10%

Note: Questions after this point are reported only among respondents who completed the entire questionnaire.
Do you consider yourself a Democrat, a Republican, an independent or a member of another party?
	Likely Electorate	Gender		Age				Race/Ethnicity				Education		Race/Education				Region				Neighborhood Type			2024 Vote Choice			Party ID			2020 Vote
	Likely Electorate	Men	Women	18-29	30-44	45-64	65+	White	Black	Hispanic	Oth.	B.A.+	No B.A.	White, college	White, no college	Non-white, college	Non-white, no college	Midwest	North-East	South	West	City	Suburb	Rural/ Small Town	Biden	Trump	Oth.	Dem.	Rep.	Ind.	Biden	Trump	Did not vote
Democrat	34%	22%	44%	40%	29%	30%	41%	28%	65%	41%	46%	40%	30%	37%	22%	48%	52%	27%	42%	30%	37%	44%	37%	23%	66%	6%	4%	100%	0%	0%	64%	3%	26%
Republican	28%	29%	27%	23%	22%	30%	34%	34%	7%	17%	6%	20%	33%	26%	40%	6%	13%	31%	22%	31%	24%	19%	26%	36%	3%	53%	19%	0%	100%	0%	3%	56%	36%
Independent	31%	40%	22%	28%	38%	34%	21%	31%	25%	26%	40%	35%	28%	32%	30%	41%	22%	30%	31%	30%	32%	28%	30%	33%	28%	31%	43%	0%	0%	100%	29%	31%	28%
Another party	4%	5%	2%	4%	5%	3%	1%	4%	0%	3%	6%	3%	4%	3%	4%	2%	3%	6%	3%	3%	3%	4%	3%	4%	2%	5%	7%	0%	0%	0%	1%	5%	6%
[VOL] Don't know/Refused	4%	4%	5%	5%	6%	4%	3%	3%	2%	13%	3%	3%	6%	3%	4%	3%	9%	6%	2%	5%	4%	5%	4%	4%	2%	4%	25%	0%	0%	0%	2%	5%	5%
Number of respondents	875	434	429	145	226	288	176	600	89	91	63	424	444	298	300	109	132	177	182	325	191	216	361	298	405	406	64	275	223	295	393	314	120
Percent of total electorate	100%	47%	53%	12%	21%	33%	28%	69%	10%	10%	7%	40%	59%	28%	41%	11%	16%	22%	20%	34%	24%	22%	43%	35%	46%	47%	7%	34%	28%	31%	46%	40%	9%

Who did you vote for in the 2020 presidential election between Donald Trump and Joe Biden, or did you not vote?
	Likely Electorate	Gender		Age				Race/Ethnicity				Education		Race/Education				Region				Neighborhood Type			2024 Vote Choice			Party ID			2020 Vote
	Likely Electorate	Men	Women	18-29	30-44	45-64	65+	White	Black	Hispanic	Oth.	B.A.+	No B.A.	White, college	White, no college	Non-white, college	Non-white, no college	Midwest	North-East	South	West	City	Suburb	Rural/ Small Town	Biden	Trump	Oth.	Dem.	Rep.	Ind.	Biden	Trump	Did not vote
Donald Trump	40%	51%	31%	22%	39%	46%	40%	47%	11%	27%	19%	31%	46%	35%	55%	20%	19%	39%	33%	45%	40%	28%	36%	54%	1%	81%	21%	3%	82%	40%	0%	100%	0%
Joe Biden	46%	36%	55%	49%	47%	44%	51%	41%	77%	50%	59%	59%	38%	57%	30%	64%	60%	45%	56%	40%	48%	61%	50%	32%	89%	8%	23%	88%	5%	44%	100%	0%	0%
I did not vote	9%	6%	11%	25%	10%	7%	5%	8%	6%	16%	16%	4%	12%	4%	11%	6%	17%	10%	7%	10%	9%	7%	9%	10%	7%	8%	28%	7%	12%	8%	0%	0%	100%
[VOL] Someone else	3%	4%	1%	3%	5%	2%	<1%	2%	0%	5%	4%	3%	2%	3%	2%	5%	2%	2%	3%	3%	2%	3%	3%	2%	2%	2%	9%	<.5%	1%	4%	0%	0%	0%
[VOL] Don't know/Refused	2%	3%	2%	1%	0%	2%	3%	1%	5%	2%	2%	3%	2%	2%	1%	4%	2%	3%	2%	3%	1%	2%	2%	2%	1%	<1%	20%	1%	<.5%	3%	0%	0%	0%
Number of respondents	875	434	429	145	226	288	176	600	89	91	63	424	444	298	300	109	132	177	182	325	191	216	361	298	405	406	64	275	223	295	393	314	120
Percent of total electorate	100%	47%	53%	12%	21%	33%	28%	69%	10%	10%	7%	40%	59%	28%	41%	11%	16%	22%	20%	34%	24%	22%	43%	35%	46%	47%	7%	34%	28%	31%	46%	40%	9%

(Excluding "I did not vote") Who did you vote for in the 2020 presidential election between Donald Trump and Joe Biden, or did you not vote?
	Likely Electorate	Gender		Age				Race/Ethnicity				Education		Race/Education				Region				Neighborhood Type			2024 Vote Choice			Party ID			2020 Vote
	Likely Electorate	Men	Women	18-29	30-44	45-64	65+	White	Black	Hispanic	Oth.	B.A.+	No B.A.	White, college	White, no college	Non-white, college	Non-white, no college	Midwest	North-East	South	West	City	Suburb	Rural/ Small Town	Biden	Trump	Oth.	Dem.	Rep.	Ind.	Biden	Trump	Did not vote
Donald Trump	44%	54%	35%	30%	43%	49%	42%	51%	12%	32%	22%	32%	52%	36%	62%	22%	22%	44%	35%	50%	44%	30%	39%	59%	1%	89%	29%	4%	93%	44%	0%	100%	-
Joe Biden	51%	39%	62%	65%	52%	47%	54%	45%	83%	60%	71%	61%	43%	59%	34%	68%	73%	50%	60%	44%	52%	65%	55%	35%	95%	8%	32%	94%	6%	48%	100%	0%	-
[VOL] Someone else	3%	4%	2%	4%	5%	2%	<1%	3%	0%	6%	5%	3%	2%	3%	3%	6%	2%	2%	3%	3%	2%	3%	3%	2%	2%	2%	12%	<1%	1%	5%	0%	0%	-
[VOL] Don't know/Refused	2%	3%	2%	1%	0%	2%	3%	1%	5%	2%	2%	3%	2%	2%	1%	4%	3%	4%	2%	3%	1%	2%	2%	3%	1%	<1%	28%	1%	<.5%	3%	0%	0%	-
Number of respondents	755	383	364	97	192	263	167	531	78	69	48	388	361	279	250	94	99	154	161	275	165	185	312	258	365	347	43	248	194	248	393	314
Percent of total electorate	100%	48%	51%	10%	21%	34%	29%	70%	10%	9%	7%	42%	56%	30%	40%	11%	15%	21%	21%	34%	24%	23%	43%	34%	47%	47%	5%	34%	27%	31%	51%	44%

Do you approve or disapprove of the way Joe Biden is handling his job as president?
	Likely Electorate	Gender		Age				Race/Ethnicity				Education		Race/Education				Region				Neighborhood Type			2024 Vote Choice			Party ID			2020 Vote
	Likely Electorate	Men	Women	18-29	30-44	45-64	65+	White	Black	Hispanic	Oth.	B.A.+	No B.A.	White, college	White, no college	Non-white, college	Non-white, no college	Midwest	North-East	South	West	City	Suburb	Rural/ Small Town	Biden	Trump	Oth.	Dem.	Rep.	Ind.	Biden	Trump	Did not vote
Strongly approve	17%	14%	21%	6%	9%	21%	28%	18%	23%	12%	11%	23%	14%	25%	14%	18%	14%	20%	21%	15%	16%	24%	17%	14%	36%	2%	0%	39%	1%	13%	35%	2%	3%
Somewhat approve	22%	19%	25%	25%	32%	17%	20%	18%	37%	28%	34%	28%	18%	25%	13%	36%	32%	22%	25%	19%	24%	28%	25%	15%	43%	2%	18%	37%	3%	25%	41%	1%	18%
Somewhat disapprove	11%	7%	14%	26%	12%	8%	6%	8%	15%	26%	18%	10%	11%	8%	8%	16%	21%	8%	14%	10%	13%	13%	11%	11%	14%	7%	17%	15%	6%	10%	13%	5%	27%
Strongly disapprove	47%	58%	38%	40%	47%	53%	43%	54%	23%	33%	33%	37%	54%	40%	63%	28%	31%	47%	40%	53%	45%	34%	45%	59%	5%	88%	54%	9%	88%	50%	9%	91%	50%
[VOL] Don't know/Refused	2%	2%	2%	4%	<1%	1%	2%	2%	3%	1%	4%	2%	2%	2%	2%	2%	2%	2%	<1%	3%	1%	2%	2%	2%	2%	<.5%	11%	2%	2%	2%	2%	<.5%	2%
NET Approve	40%	33%	46%	31%	40%	38%	48%	37%	60%	40%	45%	51%	32%	50%	28%	54%	45%	42%	45%	34%	41%	51%	42%	28%	79%	4%	18%	75%	5%	38%	76%	4%	21%
NET Disapprove	58%	65%	52%	65%	59%	61%	50%	62%	37%	59%	51%	47%	66%	48%	71%	44%	52%	56%	54%	63%	58%	47%	55%	70%	19%	95%	72%	23%	94%	59%	22%	96%	77%
Number of respondents	875	434	429	145	226	288	176	600	89	91	63	424	444	298	300	109	132	177	182	325	191	216	361	298	405	406	64	275	223	295	393	314	120
Percent of total electorate	100%	47%	53%	12%	21%	33%	28%	69%	10%	10%	7%	40%	59%	28%	41%	11%	16%	22%	20%	34%	24%	22%	43%	35%	46%	47%	7%	34%	28%	31%	46%	40%	9%

Tell me whether you have a very favorable, somewhat favorable, somewhat unfavorable or very unfavorable opinion of Donald Trump.
	Likely Electorate	Gender		Age				Race/Ethnicity				Education		Race/Education				Region				Neighborhood Type			2024 Vote Choice			Party ID			2020 Vote
	Likely Electorate	Men	Women	18-29	30-44	45-64	65+	White	Black	Hispanic	Oth.	B.A.+	No B.A.	White, college	White, no college	Non-white, college	Non-white, no college	Midwest	North-East	South	West	City	Suburb	Rural/ Small Town	Biden	Trump	Oth.	Dem.	Rep.	Ind.	Biden	Trump	Did not vote
Very favorable	21%	25%	18%	11%	18%	21%	26%	25%	9%	17%	9%	14%	26%	16%	30%	5%	17%	22%	14%	25%	22%	15%	21%	26%	2%	43%	4%	3%	46%	18%	3%	47%	7%
Somewhat favorable	22%	27%	18%	23%	25%	25%	17%	24%	12%	25%	8%	18%	24%	19%	27%	14%	15%	22%	19%	26%	19%	15%	17%	33%	2%	42%	21%	4%	41%	21%	4%	41%	31%
Somewhat unfavorable	10%	11%	9%	20%	13%	10%	5%	9%	12%	13%	19%	10%	10%	8%	10%	18%	12%	8%	10%	11%	11%	9%	13%	7%	8%	10%	20%	8%	6%	16%	8%	8%	21%
Very unfavorable	45%	34%	54%	44%	44%	42%	52%	42%	64%	44%	60%	58%	37%	57%	32%	62%	53%	47%	56%	37%	46%	58%	48%	33%	86%	3%	50%	84%	6%	42%	83%	3%	35%
[VOL] Have not heard of	<.5%	<.5%	0%	0%	<.5%	0%	0%	<.5%	0%	0%	0%	0%	<.5%	0%	<.5%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	<.5%	0%	0%	<.5%	0%	<.5%	0%	0%	0%	<.5%	0%	0%	1%
[VOL] Don't know/Refused	1%	2%	<.5%	2%	<1%	2%	<.5%	1%	2%	1%	3%	<.5%	2%	<.5%	2%	<1%	3%	<1%	2%	2%	<.5%	1%	2%	1%	<1%	1%	5%	<1%	<1%	2%	<1%	<1%	4%
NET Favorable	44%	52%	36%	34%	42%	46%	44%	48%	22%	42%	17%	32%	51%	35%	56%	19%	32%	45%	33%	50%	42%	31%	38%	59%	4%	85%	25%	7%	87%	39%	8%	89%	39%
NET Unfavorable	55%	46%	63%	64%	56%	52%	56%	50%	77%	57%	79%	68%	47%	64%	42%	80%	65%	55%	65%	47%	57%	68%	61%	40%	95%	14%	69%	92%	12%	59%	91%	11%	57%
Number of respondents	875	434	429	145	226	288	176	600	89	91	63	424	444	298	300	109	132	177	182	325	191	216	361	298	405	406	64	275	223	295	393	314	120
Percent of total electorate	100%	47%	53%	12%	21%	33%	28%	69%	10%	10%	7%	40%	59%	28%	41%	11%	16%	22%	20%	34%	24%	22%	43%	35%	46%	47%	7%	34%	28%	31%	46%	40%	9%

Tell me whether you have a very favorable, somewhat favorable, somewhat unfavorable or very unfavorable opinion of Joe Biden.
	Likely Electorate	Gender		Age				Race/Ethnicity				Education		Race/Education				Region				Neighborhood Type			2024 Vote Choice			Party ID			2020 Vote
	Likely Electorate	Men	Women	18-29	30-44	45-64	65+	White	Black	Hispanic	Oth.	B.A.+	No B.A.	White, college	White, no college	Non-white, college	Non-white, no college	Midwest	North-East	South	West	City	Suburb	Rural/ Small Town	Biden	Trump	Oth.	Dem.	Rep.	Ind.	Biden	Trump	Did not vote
Very favorable	17%	14%	21%	5%	9%	20%	29%	17%	23%	11%	23%	20%	16%	21%	14%	17%	20%	18%	23%	14%	17%	24%	18%	12%	35%	2%	<1%	41%	<1%	11%	35%	2%	4%
Somewhat favorable	25%	20%	29%	36%	33%	20%	22%	19%	46%	43%	34%	32%	20%	30%	12%	40%	42%	24%	24%	21%	33%	32%	28%	17%	48%	4%	16%	43%	5%	25%	44%	2%	27%
Somewhat unfavorable	14%	13%	15%	25%	18%	11%	9%	13%	18%	16%	18%	15%	13%	12%	13%	20%	14%	14%	18%	12%	12%	14%	14%	14%	13%	13%	21%	12%	12%	18%	15%	9%	29%
Very unfavorable	41%	51%	32%	32%	39%	48%	37%	48%	13%	29%	23%	33%	47%	36%	57%	23%	21%	39%	35%	50%	36%	29%	39%	52%	3%	78%	50%	4%	80%	42%	5%	85%	34%
[VOL] Have not heard of	<.5%	<.5%	0%	0%	<.5%	0%	0%	<.5%	0%	0%	0%	0%	<.5%	0%	<.5%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	<.5%	0%	0%	<.5%	0%	<.5%	0%	0%	0%	<.5%	0%	0%	1%
[VOL] Don't know/Refused	2%	2%	3%	2%	2%	1%	4%	3%	<.5%	1%	3%	<1%	3%	<1%	4%	<1%	2%	4%	1%	2%	2%	2%	<1%	5%	<1%	2%	12%	<.5%	2%	3%	<1%	2%	4%
NET Favorable	42%	34%	50%	41%	42%	40%	51%	36%	68%	54%	56%	52%	36%	51%	26%	56%	62%	42%	46%	35%	49%	56%	46%	29%	83%	6%	17%	84%	6%	36%	79%	4%	31%
NET Unfavorable	55%	63%	47%	57%	56%	59%	46%	61%	31%	45%	40%	47%	60%	48%	70%	43%	36%	54%	53%	62%	49%	42%	53%	66%	16%	92%	71%	16%	92%	61%	20%	94%	64%
Number of respondents	875	434	429	145	226	288	176	600	89	91	63	424	444	298	300	109	132	177	182	325	191	216	361	298	405	406	64	275	223	295	393	314	120
Percent of total electorate	100%	47%	53%	12%	21%	33%	28%	69%	10%	10%	7%	40%	59%	28%	41%	11%	16%	22%	20%	34%	24%	22%	43%	35%	46%	47%	7%	34%	28%	31%	46%	40%	9%

(Open-ended responses, classified by issue) Thinking back to when Donald Trump was president, what one thing do you remember most about Donald Trump’s presidency?
	Likely Electorate	Gender		Age				Race/Ethnicity				Education		Race/Education				Region				Neighborhood Type			2024 Vote Choice			Party ID			2020 Vote
	Likely Electorate	Men	Women	18-29	30-44	45-64	65+	White	Black	Hispanic	Oth.	B.A.+	No B.A.	White, college	White, no college	Non-white, college	Non-white, no college	Midwest	North-East	South	West	City	Suburb	Rural/ Small Town	Biden	Trump	Oth.	Dem.	Rep.	Ind.	Biden	Trump	Did not vote
[VOL] Economic policies/stimulus	23%	29%	17%	24%	26%	24%	18%	26%	12%	20%	19%	21%	25%	21%	29%	19%	16%	27%	19%	27%	15%	17%	21%	29%	5%	40%	27%	6%	35%	28%	8%	39%	30%
[VOL] The coronavirus pandemic	4%	4%	4%	5%	6%	4%	4%	3%	7%	2%	12%	5%	4%	4%	3%	7%	6%	4%	7%	2%	6%	4%	7%	1%	8%	2%	1%	7%	1%	5%	7%	<1%	2%
[VOL] Immigration	10%	8%	12%	16%	4%	12%	9%	11%	3%	11%	7%	9%	11%	8%	13%	8%	7%	9%	12%	10%	9%	8%	9%	12%	5%	15%	8%	7%	17%	6%	4%	16%	15%
[VOL] Behavior/leadership/personal characteristics	39%	35%	43%	34%	39%	42%	39%	37%	40%	43%	45%	45%	34%	46%	31%	43%	42%	37%	43%	37%	40%	42%	38%	38%	56%	23%	29%	55%	24%	39%	55%	23%	28%
[VOL] Jan. 6/the election	6%	4%	6%	6%	4%	4%	9%	4%	13%	5%	10%	7%	5%	6%	4%	11%	8%	7%	6%	5%	6%	10%	6%	2%	10%	<.5%	12%	10%	2%	4%	11%	0%	4%
[VOL] Foreign policy/conflicts	5%	8%	2%	4%	5%	7%	3%	6%	0%	5%	<.5%	5%	5%	5%	6%	2%	2%	3%	4%	4%	9%	2%	5%	6%	1%	9%	3%	<1%	9%	6%	<1%	10%	1%
[VOL] Other (specify)	9%	9%	10%	5%	13%	7%	11%	11%	7%	6%	2%	8%	10%	9%	12%	6%	5%	11%	8%	8%	10%	11%	8%	9%	10%	8%	10%	9%	8%	10%	9%	10%	7%
[VOL] Don't know/Refused	4%	3%	6%	6%	4%	1%	8%	2%	17%	8%	4%	2%	6%	1%	3%	3%	15%	2%	2%	7%	5%	6%	5%	4%	5%	3%	11%	6%	4%	<1%	5%	2%	13%
Number of respondents	875	434	429	145	226	288	176	600	89	91	63	424	444	298	300	109	132	177	182	325	191	216	361	298	405	406	64	275	223	295	393	314	120
Percent of total electorate	100%	47%	53%	12%	21%	33%	28%	69%	10%	10%	7%	40%	59%	28%	41%	11%	16%	22%	20%	34%	24%	22%	43%	35%	46%	47%	7%	34%	28%	31%	46%	40%	9%

(Previous question, classified by sentiment) Thinking back to when Donald Trump was president, what one thing do you remember most about Donald Trump’s presidency?
	Likely Electorate	Gender		Age				Race/Ethnicity				Education		Race/Education				Region				Neighborhood Type			2024 Vote Choice			Party ID			2020 Vote
	Likely Electorate	Men	Women	18-29	30-44	45-64	65+	White	Black	Hispanic	Oth.	B.A.+	No B.A.	White, college	White, no college	Non-white, college	Non-white, no college	Midwest	North-East	South	West	City	Suburb	Rural/ Small Town	Biden	Trump	Oth.	Dem.	Rep.	Ind.	Biden	Trump	Did not vote
[VOL] Positive sentiment	35%	45%	26%	29%	32%	39%	30%	39%	7%	33%	20%	26%	41%	28%	47%	20%	21%	38%	30%	35%	36%	26%	30%	46%	4%	66%	33%	6%	62%	39%	5%	69%	34%
[VOL] Negative sentiment	36%	27%	44%	29%	37%	38%	40%	36%	41%	33%	42%	47%	29%	50%	26%	43%	36%	39%	43%	28%	37%	43%	40%	26%	67%	5%	36%	66%	7%	33%	66%	3%	26%
[VOL] Neither positive nor negative sentiment	25%	25%	25%	36%	27%	22%	22%	23%	34%	25%	34%	25%	24%	22%	24%	34%	28%	21%	25%	29%	22%	26%	25%	25%	24%	26%	21%	22%	27%	26%	24%	26%	26%
[VOL] Other (specify)	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%
[VOL] Don't know/Refused	4%	3%	6%	6%	4%	1%	8%	2%	17%	8%	4%	2%	6%	1%	3%	3%	15%	2%	2%	7%	5%	6%	5%	4%	5%	3%	11%	6%	4%	<1%	5%	2%	13%
Number of respondents	875	434	429	145	226	288	176	600	89	91	63	424	444	298	300	109	132	177	182	325	191	216	361	298	405	406	64	275	223	295	393	314	120
Percent of total electorate	100%	47%	53%	12%	21%	33%	28%	69%	10%	10%	7%	40%	59%	28%	41%	11%	16%	22%	20%	34%	24%	22%	43%	35%	46%	47%	7%	34%	28%	31%	46%	40%	9%

Do you generally remember the years that Donald Trump was president as mostly good years for America, mostly bad years for America, or not really good or bad?
	Likely Electorate	Gender		Age				Race/Ethnicity				Education		Race/Education				Region				Neighborhood Type			2024 Vote Choice			Party ID			2020 Vote
	Likely Electorate	Men	Women	18-29	30-44	45-64	65+	White	Black	Hispanic	Oth.	B.A.+	No B.A.	White, college	White, no college	Non-white, college	Non-white, no college	Midwest	North-East	South	West	City	Suburb	Rural/ Small Town	Biden	Trump	Oth.	Dem.	Rep.	Ind.	Biden	Trump	Did not vote
Mostly good for America	43%	54%	34%	32%	41%	47%	44%	50%	10%	38%	23%	34%	50%	37%	59%	24%	24%	46%	34%	49%	41%	32%	39%	56%	4%	85%	28%	6%	84%	45%	7%	88%	35%
Mostly bad for America	35%	29%	40%	39%	37%	35%	34%	32%	48%	36%	55%	49%	26%	48%	21%	55%	41%	35%	46%	25%	41%	45%	39%	24%	71%	2%	19%	68%	3%	34%	67%	<1%	24%
Not really good or bad	20%	16%	23%	28%	22%	16%	20%	17%	42%	23%	20%	16%	22%	14%	19%	21%	32%	16%	20%	24%	18%	20%	21%	18%	23%	13%	39%	26%	13%	18%	23%	10%	41%
[VOL] Don't know/Refused	2%	<1%	3%	1%	<.5%	2%	2%	1%	<1%	2%	2%	<1%	2%	<.5%	2%	0%	3%	3%	<1%	3%	<.5%	2%	2%	1%	<1%	<1%	15%	<1%	<1%	3%	2%	<1%	<1%
Number of respondents	875	434	429	145	226	288	176	600	89	91	63	424	444	298	300	109	132	177	182	325	191	216	361	298	405	406	64	275	223	295	393	314	120
Percent of total electorate	100%	47%	53%	12%	21%	33%	28%	69%	10%	10%	7%	40%	59%	28%	41%	11%	16%	22%	20%	34%	24%	22%	43%	35%	46%	47%	7%	34%	28%	31%	46%	40%	9%

Do you think the years that Joe Biden has been president have been mostly good years for America, mostly bad years for America, or not really good or bad?
	Likely Electorate	Gender		Age				Race/Ethnicity				Education		Race/Education				Region				Neighborhood Type			2024 Vote Choice			Party ID			2020 Vote
	Likely Electorate	Men	Women	18-29	30-44	45-64	65+	White	Black	Hispanic	Oth.	B.A.+	No B.A.	White, college	White, no college	Non-white, college	Non-white, no college	Midwest	North-East	South	West	City	Suburb	Rural/ Small Town	Biden	Trump	Oth.	Dem.	Rep.	Ind.	Biden	Trump	Did not vote
Mostly good for America	27%	24%	31%	11%	21%	30%	40%	26%	43%	21%	37%	36%	22%	37%	19%	36%	31%	26%	33%	22%	31%	34%	32%	18%	56%	2%	7%	57%	3%	24%	55%	2%	9%
Mostly bad for America	46%	55%	38%	40%	44%	50%	44%	53%	17%	38%	25%	37%	52%	41%	61%	26%	28%	47%	36%	53%	45%	36%	41%	59%	6%	86%	44%	8%	86%	49%	8%	89%	48%
Not really good or bad	25%	19%	30%	49%	34%	20%	15%	21%	40%	39%	36%	27%	24%	22%	20%	38%	38%	26%	31%	22%	24%	28%	25%	23%	36%	12%	40%	34%	11%	27%	36%	8%	43%
[VOL] Don't know/Refused	1%	<1%	1%	0%	<1%	<1%	<1%	<.5%	1%	2%	3%	<.5%	1%	<.5%	<.5%	<1%	3%	<.5%	0%	3%	0%	2%	1%	0%	<1%	<.5%	10%	<1%	0%	<1%	<1%	<.5%	<.5%
Number of respondents	875	434	429	145	226	288	176	600	89	91	63	424	444	298	300	109	132	177	182	325	191	216	361	298	405	406	64	275	223	295	393	314	120
Percent of total electorate	100%	47%	53%	12%	21%	33%	28%	69%	10%	10%	7%	40%	59%	28%	41%	11%	16%	22%	20%	34%	24%	22%	43%	35%	46%	47%	7%	34%	28%	31%	46%	40%	9%

Do you think Donald Trump left the country better off or worse off than when he took office?
	Likely Electorate	Gender		Age				Race/Ethnicity				Education		Race/Education				Region				Neighborhood Type			2024 Vote Choice			Party ID			2020 Vote
	Likely Electorate	Men	Women	18-29	30-44	45-64	65+	White	Black	Hispanic	Oth.	B.A.+	No B.A.	White, college	White, no college	Non-white, college	Non-white, no college	Midwest	North-East	South	West	City	Suburb	Rural/ Small Town	Biden	Trump	Oth.	Dem.	Rep.	Ind.	Biden	Trump	Did not vote
Better off	48%	57%	39%	40%	43%	51%	47%	54%	17%	40%	32%	36%	55%	38%	64%	29%	30%	50%	39%	52%	45%	34%	43%	62%	5%	92%	36%	9%	88%	49%	8%	95%	45%
Worse off	47%	37%	55%	55%	48%	46%	47%	42%	76%	48%	64%	59%	39%	58%	31%	64%	60%	46%	57%	38%	50%	59%	50%	35%	90%	6%	35%	86%	9%	45%	85%	5%	39%
[VOL] The same	3%	2%	3%	3%	6%	<1%	3%	3%	1%	4%	3%	2%	4%	2%	4%	2%	3%	2%	1%	5%	1%	2%	3%	3%	2%	2%	11%	3%	3%	2%	3%	<.5%	13%
[VOL] Don't know/Refused	3%	3%	3%	2%	3%	2%	3%	2%	6%	8%	1%	3%	3%	3%	1%	5%	6%	1%	2%	4%	3%	4%	4%	1%	3%	<1%	17%	3%	<.5%	4%	4%	<.5%	3%
Number of respondents	875	434	429	145	226	288	176	600	89	91	63	424	444	298	300	109	132	177	182	325	191	216	361	298	405	406	64	275	223	295	393	314	120
Percent of total electorate	100%	47%	53%	12%	21%	33%	28%	69%	10%	10%	7%	40%	59%	28%	41%	11%	16%	22%	20%	34%	24%	22%	43%	35%	46%	47%	7%	34%	28%	31%	46%	40%	9%

Tell me whether you approve or disapprove of the way Donald Trump handled each of the following issues when he was president:
(Split A) The economy
	Likely Electorate	Gender		Age				Race/Ethnicity				Education		Race/Education				Region				Neighborhood Type			2024 Vote Choice			Party ID			2020 Vote
	Likely Electorate	Men	Women	18-29	30-44	45-64	65+	White	Black	Hispanic	Oth.	B.A.+	No B.A.	White, college	White, no college	Non-white, college	Non-white, no college	Midwest	North-East	South	West	City	Suburb	Rural/ Small Town	Biden	Trump	Oth.	Dem.	Rep.	Ind.	Biden	Trump	Did not vote
Strongly approve	45%	57%	34%	33%	47%	50%	42%	51%	12%	45%	23%	32%	54%	33%	64%	23%	27%	36%	38%	54%	46%	31%	41%	61%	4%	84%	29%	9%	85%	48%	5%	88%	34%
Somewhat approve	17%	15%	19%	32%	19%	14%	12%	14%	31%	33%	15%	17%	17%	16%	12%	21%	28%	13%	17%	18%	19%	16%	20%	14%	20%	12%	36%	16%	13%	18%	17%	11%	34%
Somewhat disapprove	14%	11%	16%	20%	13%	11%	16%	14%	10%	11%	28%	20%	9%	20%	9%	23%	11%	20%	23%	5%	14%	19%	15%	9%	28%	1%	12%	25%	<.5%	13%	29%	<.5%	9%
Strongly disapprove	22%	17%	26%	14%	20%	22%	28%	19%	47%	8%	33%	30%	17%	28%	12%	33%	31%	27%	21%	21%	20%	33%	22%	14%	44%	2%	20%	45%	0%	20%	45%	<1%	19%
[VOL] Don't know/Refused	2%	<1%	4%	1%	1%	2%	3%	2%	0%	3%	2%	2%	2%	3%	2%	0%	3%	5%	<.5%	3%	<1%	1%	3%	2%	4%	<.5%	3%	4%	1%	0%	4%	<.5%	4%
NET Approve	62%	71%	54%	65%	66%	64%	54%	65%	43%	78%	37%	48%	71%	49%	77%	44%	56%	49%	56%	72%	65%	47%	60%	75%	24%	97%	65%	25%	99%	66%	22%	99%	68%
NET Disapprove	36%	28%	43%	34%	33%	33%	43%	33%	57%	19%	60%	50%	26%	48%	21%	56%	42%	46%	44%	25%	34%	52%	37%	23%	72%	3%	32%	70%	<.5%	34%	74%	<1%	28%
Number of respondents	455	223	225	84	110	151	88	305	51	46	38	228	222	158	145	64	70	92	88	169	106	117	187	151	203	221	31	149	107	155	195	177	60
Percent of total electorate	100%	49%	50%	14%	20%	33%	27%	67%	11%	8%	9%	42%	56%	29%	37%	11%	17%	22%	19%	34%	26%	24%	42%	34%	45%	50%	6%	34%	26%	32%	43%	44%	8%

(Split B) The coronavirus pandemic
	Likely Electorate	Gender		Age				Race/Ethnicity				Education		Race/Education				Region				Neighborhood Type			2024 Vote Choice			Party ID			2020 Vote
	Likely Electorate	Men	Women	18-29	30-44	45-64	65+	White	Black	Hispanic	Oth.	B.A.+	No B.A.	White, college	White, no college	Non-white, college	Non-white, no college	Midwest	North-East	South	West	City	Suburb	Rural/ Small Town	Biden	Trump	Oth.	Dem.	Rep.	Ind.	Biden	Trump	Did not vote
Strongly approve	18%	18%	17%	9%	12%	21%	17%	19%	11%	16%	17%	12%	22%	14%	22%	4%	22%	25%	20%	16%	12%	13%	16%	23%	2%	37%	11%	3%	37%	13%	5%	37%	17%
Somewhat approve	23%	27%	21%	23%	31%	23%	21%	27%	15%	12%	23%	21%	25%	23%	29%	17%	15%	22%	21%	28%	20%	22%	24%	23%	8%	39%	33%	7%	39%	22%	8%	40%	39%
Somewhat disapprove	17%	13%	21%	23%	21%	14%	18%	15%	14%	26%	26%	18%	17%	18%	13%	19%	25%	12%	15%	18%	23%	15%	21%	14%	21%	12%	24%	21%	11%	20%	21%	10%	27%
Strongly disapprove	36%	37%	36%	42%	35%	39%	37%	33%	60%	45%	34%	46%	30%	42%	27%	60%	38%	31%	43%	34%	40%	48%	35%	31%	68%	6%	14%	66%	7%	38%	64%	6%	13%
[VOL] Don't know/Refused	5%	5%	5%	3%	2%	4%	7%	7%	0%	0%	0%	3%	6%	4%	9%	0%	0%	11%	1%	4%	4%	2%	4%	9%	2%	6%	19%	2%	6%	7%	3%	6%	4%
NET Approve	41%	45%	38%	32%	43%	44%	38%	46%	26%	28%	40%	33%	47%	37%	51%	21%	37%	47%	41%	44%	32%	35%	40%	46%	10%	75%	43%	10%	76%	35%	13%	78%	57%
NET Disapprove	54%	50%	57%	65%	56%	52%	55%	47%	74%	72%	60%	64%	47%	59%	40%	79%	63%	42%	57%	52%	64%	63%	56%	45%	88%	19%	38%	87%	18%	58%	84%	16%	40%
Number of respondents	420	211	204	61	116	137	88	295	38	45	25	196	222	140	155	45	62	85	94	156	85	99	174	147	202	185	33	126	116	140	198	137	60
Percent of total electorate	100%	44%	55%	11%	23%	33%	29%	71%	8%	12%	6%	38%	61%	26%	44%	10%	16%	21%	21%	35%	22%	21%	43%	36%	48%	44%	8%	33%	29%	30%	49%	36%	10%

(Split A) Maintaining law and order
	Likely Electorate	Gender		Age				Race/Ethnicity				Education		Race/Education				Region				Neighborhood Type			2024 Vote Choice			Party ID			2020 Vote
	Likely Electorate	Men	Women	18-29	30-44	45-64	65+	White	Black	Hispanic	Oth.	B.A.+	No B.A.	White, college	White, no college	Non-white, college	Non-white, no college	Midwest	North-East	South	West	City	Suburb	Rural/ Small Town	Biden	Trump	Oth.	Dem.	Rep.	Ind.	Biden	Trump	Did not vote
Strongly approve	30%	41%	20%	17%	24%	32%	36%	35%	8%	27%	17%	20%	36%	23%	43%	13%	19%	24%	24%	38%	30%	19%	28%	42%	<1%	57%	26%	4%	70%	26%	2%	62%	15%
Somewhat approve	21%	23%	20%	25%	29%	21%	14%	21%	14%	36%	13%	18%	24%	17%	25%	23%	19%	18%	23%	20%	24%	18%	22%	23%	8%	34%	17%	8%	27%	25%	8%	32%	31%
Somewhat disapprove	13%	7%	19%	20%	17%	13%	10%	13%	10%	17%	23%	14%	12%	13%	12%	15%	14%	20%	17%	9%	11%	9%	16%	13%	22%	5%	20%	21%	0%	16%	21%	4%	25%
Strongly disapprove	34%	28%	39%	36%	29%	32%	40%	30%	66%	16%	45%	45%	26%	45%	20%	48%	45%	36%	34%	31%	34%	52%	35%	19%	68%	3%	32%	65%	3%	31%	67%	2%	29%
[VOL] Don't know/Refused	1%	2%	1%	2%	<.5%	3%	0%	1%	1%	4%	2%	2%	<1%	2%	<.5%	1%	2%	2%	2%	1%	<1%	1%	<.5%	3%	1%	1%	5%	2%	0%	2%	2%	<.5%	<.5%
NET Approve	52%	64%	40%	43%	54%	52%	50%	56%	23%	63%	30%	39%	61%	39%	68%	36%	39%	42%	47%	58%	54%	37%	50%	65%	9%	91%	42%	12%	97%	51%	10%	93%	46%
NET Disapprove	47%	35%	59%	56%	46%	45%	50%	43%	76%	33%	69%	59%	39%	58%	32%	63%	59%	56%	51%	40%	45%	62%	50%	32%	90%	8%	52%	86%	3%	47%	88%	6%	54%
Number of respondents	455	223	225	84	110	151	88	305	51	46	38	228	222	158	145	64	70	92	88	169	106	117	187	151	203	221	31	149	107	155	195	177	60
Percent of total electorate	100%	49%	50%	14%	20%	33%	27%	67%	11%	8%	9%	42%	56%	29%	37%	11%	17%	22%	19%	34%	26%	24%	42%	34%	45%	50%	6%	34%	26%	32%	43%	44%	8%

(Split B) Unifying America
	Likely Electorate	Gender		Age				Race/Ethnicity				Education		Race/Education				Region				Neighborhood Type			2024 Vote Choice			Party ID			2020 Vote
	Likely Electorate	Men	Women	18-29	30-44	45-64	65+	White	Black	Hispanic	Oth.	B.A.+	No B.A.	White, college	White, no college	Non-white, college	Non-white, no college	Midwest	North-East	South	West	City	Suburb	Rural/ Small Town	Biden	Trump	Oth.	Dem.	Rep.	Ind.	Biden	Trump	Did not vote
Strongly approve	20%	21%	18%	19%	19%	16%	23%	22%	9%	15%	20%	14%	24%	15%	26%	8%	19%	35%	14%	19%	13%	16%	18%	24%	2%	40%	21%	4%	35%	19%	6%	45%	6%
Somewhat approve	16%	20%	13%	14%	16%	22%	12%	19%	5%	13%	15%	13%	18%	16%	21%	10%	12%	20%	13%	14%	19%	12%	12%	24%	1%	34%	11%	2%	31%	17%	3%	30%	34%
Somewhat disapprove	14%	11%	17%	21%	17%	10%	15%	12%	20%	18%	15%	11%	16%	10%	13%	14%	19%	14%	11%	15%	14%	13%	17%	11%	12%	14%	26%	12%	13%	13%	12%	12%	30%
Strongly disapprove	44%	42%	46%	43%	44%	48%	43%	40%	66%	53%	48%	59%	36%	55%	31%	69%	49%	30%	57%	42%	50%	57%	48%	32%	84%	6%	18%	79%	11%	46%	78%	5%	16%
[VOL] Don't know/Refused	6%	6%	5%	2%	4%	5%	6%	7%	0%	1%	2%	4%	7%	4%	9%	0%	2%	1%	5%	10%	4%	2%	5%	9%	2%	7%	25%	2%	10%	5%	2%	7%	13%
NET Approve	36%	41%	32%	33%	35%	38%	36%	41%	14%	28%	35%	27%	42%	31%	47%	18%	31%	55%	27%	33%	32%	28%	30%	48%	3%	73%	31%	7%	66%	36%	8%	76%	40%
NET Disapprove	58%	53%	63%	64%	61%	58%	58%	52%	86%	71%	63%	69%	51%	65%	44%	82%	67%	44%	68%	57%	64%	69%	65%	44%	96%	20%	44%	91%	24%	59%	90%	17%	47%
Number of respondents	420	211	204	61	116	137	88	295	38	45	25	196	222	140	155	45	62	85	94	156	85	99	174	147	202	185	33	126	116	140	198	137	60
Percent of total electorate	100%	44%	55%	11%	23%	33%	29%	71%	8%	12%	6%	38%	61%	26%	44%	10%	16%	21%	21%	35%	22%	21%	43%	36%	48%	44%	8%	33%	29%	30%	49%	36%	10%

(Split A) The Supreme Court
	Likely Electorate	Gender		Age				Race/Ethnicity				Education		Race/Education				Region				Neighborhood Type			2024 Vote Choice			Party ID			2020 Vote
	Likely Electorate	Men	Women	18-29	30-44	45-64	65+	White	Black	Hispanic	Oth.	B.A.+	No B.A.	White, college	White, no college	Non-white, college	Non-white, no college	Midwest	North-East	South	West	City	Suburb	Rural/ Small Town	Biden	Trump	Oth.	Dem.	Rep.	Ind.	Biden	Trump	Did not vote
Strongly approve	30%	40%	22%	15%	23%	34%	33%	36%	7%	15%	16%	22%	36%	26%	44%	7%	16%	20%	23%	43%	26%	17%	28%	43%	0%	59%	17%	4%	70%	25%	<.5%	64%	8%
Somewhat approve	16%	17%	15%	22%	22%	17%	10%	14%	9%	38%	6%	14%	17%	11%	17%	18%	14%	15%	14%	13%	23%	10%	15%	22%	4%	27%	13%	6%	20%	21%	4%	25%	27%
Somewhat disapprove	9%	9%	10%	15%	10%	8%	8%	8%	19%	10%	9%	11%	8%	11%	6%	12%	14%	6%	11%	11%	9%	12%	10%	5%	14%	4%	15%	11%	4%	10%	15%	3%	11%
Strongly disapprove	38%	28%	47%	44%	37%	35%	42%	34%	63%	19%	66%	50%	31%	48%	24%	56%	49%	49%	44%	28%	37%	54%	38%	26%	78%	3%	27%	75%	<1%	36%	76%	2%	39%
[VOL] Don't know/Refused	7%	6%	7%	4%	7%	5%	7%	7%	2%	17%	2%	4%	8%	3%	10%	6%	7%	10%	8%	5%	5%	7%	9%	4%	4%	7%	28%	4%	4%	8%	5%	7%	16%
NET Approve	46%	57%	36%	37%	45%	52%	43%	51%	16%	54%	23%	35%	53%	37%	60%	26%	30%	35%	37%	56%	49%	27%	42%	65%	4%	86%	30%	11%	91%	46%	4%	89%	34%
NET Disapprove	47%	37%	57%	60%	48%	43%	49%	42%	81%	29%	75%	61%	39%	59%	30%	68%	63%	55%	55%	38%	46%	66%	49%	31%	92%	8%	42%	85%	5%	46%	91%	4%	50%
Number of respondents	455	223	225	84	110	151	88	305	51	46	38	228	222	158	145	64	70	92	88	169	106	117	187	151	203	221	31	149	107	155	195	177	60
Percent of total electorate	100%	49%	50%	14%	20%	33%	27%	67%	11%	8%	9%	42%	56%	29%	37%	11%	17%	22%	19%	34%	26%	24%	42%	34%	45%	50%	6%	34%	26%	32%	43%	44%	8%

(Split B) Foreign conflicts
	Likely Electorate	Gender		Age				Race/Ethnicity				Education		Race/Education				Region				Neighborhood Type			2024 Vote Choice			Party ID			2020 Vote
	Likely Electorate	Men	Women	18-29	30-44	45-64	65+	White	Black	Hispanic	Oth.	B.A.+	No B.A.	White, college	White, no college	Non-white, college	Non-white, no college	Midwest	North-East	South	West	City	Suburb	Rural/ Small Town	Biden	Trump	Oth.	Dem.	Rep.	Ind.	Biden	Trump	Did not vote
Strongly approve	33%	46%	23%	22%	31%	38%	32%	39%	9%	20%	30%	30%	36%	34%	42%	18%	20%	39%	26%	39%	26%	29%	29%	41%	2%	69%	21%	4%	61%	35%	7%	75%	24%
Somewhat approve	16%	12%	19%	14%	20%	14%	15%	17%	7%	12%	12%	10%	19%	9%	22%	15%	7%	20%	7%	20%	13%	8%	16%	20%	7%	22%	30%	9%	26%	13%	9%	19%	39%
Somewhat disapprove	14%	9%	17%	22%	18%	9%	13%	11%	20%	23%	10%	15%	12%	14%	9%	17%	19%	14%	16%	11%	15%	15%	15%	11%	23%	2%	25%	19%	6%	15%	20%	1%	24%
Strongly disapprove	31%	29%	33%	37%	28%	35%	30%	27%	43%	41%	45%	39%	26%	37%	21%	45%	42%	18%	46%	25%	38%	42%	33%	22%	60%	4%	5%	58%	7%	31%	56%	4%	9%
[VOL] Don't know/Refused	7%	4%	8%	5%	3%	4%	10%	6%	21%	4%	2%	6%	7%	7%	5%	4%	12%	9%	5%	6%	8%	6%	7%	6%	8%	3%	20%	10%	<1%	6%	8%	2%	5%
NET Approve	49%	58%	42%	36%	51%	52%	47%	56%	16%	32%	43%	40%	55%	42%	64%	33%	28%	59%	32%	59%	39%	37%	45%	61%	9%	92%	51%	13%	87%	48%	16%	93%	62%
NET Disapprove	44%	38%	50%	59%	46%	44%	43%	38%	63%	64%	55%	54%	38%	50%	30%	62%	60%	32%	62%	36%	53%	57%	47%	34%	83%	5%	30%	77%	13%	46%	76%	5%	33%
Number of respondents	420	211	204	61	116	137	88	295	38	45	25	196	222	140	155	45	62	85	94	156	85	99	174	147	202	185	33	126	116	140	198	137	60
Percent of total electorate	100%	44%	55%	11%	23%	33%	29%	71%	8%	12%	6%	38%	61%	26%	44%	10%	16%	21%	21%	35%	22%	21%	43%	36%	48%	44%	8%	33%	29%	30%	49%	36%	10%

(Split A) Race relations
	Likely Electorate	Gender		Age				Race/Ethnicity				Education		Race/Education				Region				Neighborhood Type			2024 Vote Choice			Party ID			2020 Vote
	Likely Electorate	Men	Women	18-29	30-44	45-64	65+	White	Black	Hispanic	Oth.	B.A.+	No B.A.	White, college	White, no college	Non-white, college	Non-white, no college	Midwest	North-East	South	West	City	Suburb	Rural/ Small Town	Biden	Trump	Oth.	Dem.	Rep.	Ind.	Biden	Trump	Did not vote
Strongly approve	24%	34%	15%	12%	22%	24%	32%	29%	8%	13%	7%	18%	29%	21%	34%	5%	12%	16%	17%	29%	31%	16%	20%	35%	1%	48%	5%	3%	54%	25%	<.5%	52%	11%
Somewhat approve	20%	21%	18%	20%	16%	23%	17%	20%	10%	31%	11%	11%	26%	10%	29%	13%	19%	17%	21%	27%	11%	13%	22%	22%	3%	34%	25%	7%	33%	16%	3%	37%	12%
Somewhat disapprove	11%	11%	12%	16%	20%	7%	9%	10%	7%	22%	22%	11%	11%	8%	12%	21%	10%	10%	14%	9%	13%	5%	14%	13%	13%	10%	9%	10%	6%	18%	13%	6%	22%
Strongly disapprove	41%	31%	51%	51%	39%	44%	39%	37%	74%	31%	58%	59%	30%	59%	21%	61%	55%	51%	45%	33%	42%	62%	41%	27%	80%	5%	55%	78%	3%	38%	80%	3%	47%
[VOL] Don't know/Refused	3%	3%	4%	1%	4%	3%	3%	4%	<1%	3%	2%	2%	4%	3%	5%	0%	3%	6%	3%	2%	3%	3%	4%	3%	3%	3%	7%	2%	4%	3%	3%	2%	8%
NET Approve	44%	55%	33%	32%	38%	46%	49%	49%	18%	44%	18%	29%	55%	31%	62%	19%	31%	33%	38%	56%	42%	29%	42%	57%	4%	82%	29%	10%	87%	41%	4%	89%	23%
NET Disapprove	53%	41%	63%	67%	58%	51%	48%	47%	81%	53%	80%	69%	41%	66%	33%	81%	65%	61%	59%	42%	55%	68%	54%	40%	93%	15%	64%	88%	9%	56%	93%	9%	69%
Number of respondents	455	223	225	84	110	151	88	305	51	46	38	228	222	158	145	64	70	92	88	169	106	117	187	151	203	221	31	149	107	155	195	177	60
Percent of total electorate	100%	49%	50%	14%	20%	33%	27%	67%	11%	8%	9%	42%	56%	29%	37%	11%	17%	22%	19%	34%	26%	24%	42%	34%	45%	50%	6%	34%	26%	32%	43%	44%	8%

(Split B) Immigration
	Likely Electorate	Gender		Age				Race/Ethnicity				Education		Race/Education				Region				Neighborhood Type			2024 Vote Choice			Party ID			2020 Vote
	Likely Electorate	Men	Women	18-29	30-44	45-64	65+	White	Black	Hispanic	Oth.	B.A.+	No B.A.	White, college	White, no college	Non-white, college	Non-white, no college	Midwest	North-East	South	West	City	Suburb	Rural/ Small Town	Biden	Trump	Oth.	Dem.	Rep.	Ind.	Biden	Trump	Did not vote
Strongly approve	36%	44%	30%	15%	31%	43%	40%	43%	11%	20%	24%	29%	41%	34%	48%	16%	20%	44%	32%	37%	32%	30%	26%	52%	2%	74%	33%	5%	69%	38%	8%	82%	21%
Somewhat approve	14%	14%	15%	15%	18%	12%	12%	15%	13%	13%	12%	12%	16%	13%	16%	12%	14%	20%	8%	20%	6%	8%	18%	14%	6%	18%	44%	8%	21%	12%	8%	11%	49%
Somewhat disapprove	12%	12%	11%	15%	11%	8%	16%	9%	28%	8%	24%	12%	11%	12%	7%	12%	20%	9%	13%	10%	15%	16%	16%	5%	21%	3%	2%	14%	4%	15%	19%	2%	9%
Strongly disapprove	35%	28%	41%	54%	38%	33%	30%	29%	48%	59%	38%	44%	29%	39%	24%	59%	46%	22%	45%	29%	46%	46%	36%	26%	67%	3%	15%	70%	5%	32%	62%	3%	20%
[VOL] Don't know/Refused	3%	2%	3%	2%	2%	3%	2%	4%	0%	0%	2%	2%	3%	2%	5%	0%	<1%	5%	2%	4%	<.5%	0%	4%	3%	4%	1%	6%	4%	2%	3%	4%	2%	1%
NET Approve	51%	57%	45%	30%	49%	55%	52%	58%	23%	34%	37%	41%	57%	47%	65%	28%	34%	64%	40%	57%	39%	38%	44%	66%	8%	92%	77%	13%	90%	49%	16%	93%	69%
NET Disapprove	46%	40%	52%	69%	49%	42%	46%	38%	77%	66%	61%	57%	40%	51%	31%	72%	66%	31%	58%	39%	61%	62%	52%	31%	88%	6%	17%	84%	8%	47%	81%	5%	30%
Number of respondents	420	211	204	61	116	137	88	295	38	45	25	196	222	140	155	45	62	85	94	156	85	99	174	147	202	185	33	126	116	140	198	137	60
Percent of total electorate	100%	44%	55%	11%	23%	33%	29%	71%	8%	12%	6%	38%	61%	26%	44%	10%	16%	21%	21%	35%	22%	21%	43%	36%	48%	44%	8%	33%	29%	30%	49%	36%	10%

Tell me whether you approve or disapprove of the way Joe Biden is handling each of the following issues as president:
(Split A) The economy
	Likely Electorate	Gender		Age				Race/Ethnicity				Education		Race/Education				Region				Neighborhood Type			2024 Vote Choice			Party ID			2020 Vote
	Likely Electorate	Men	Women	18-29	30-44	45-64	65+	White	Black	Hispanic	Oth.	B.A.+	No B.A.	White, college	White, no college	Non-white, college	Non-white, no college	Midwest	North-East	South	West	City	Suburb	Rural/ Small Town	Biden	Trump	Oth.	Dem.	Rep.	Ind.	Biden	Trump	Did not vote
Strongly approve	20%	16%	24%	10%	9%	19%	36%	21%	28%	6%	19%	25%	17%	26%	18%	22%	17%	28%	22%	15%	19%	29%	19%	15%	41%	3%	0%	43%	<1%	16%	43%	2%	2%
Somewhat approve	17%	16%	18%	23%	23%	14%	16%	13%	28%	14%	46%	24%	12%	23%	5%	30%	29%	14%	21%	15%	20%	20%	21%	9%	35%	2%	13%	31%	2%	15%	31%	2%	15%
Somewhat disapprove	12%	9%	15%	22%	18%	9%	6%	11%	17%	23%	8%	15%	10%	15%	8%	17%	13%	18%	9%	10%	12%	10%	13%	12%	16%	8%	20%	11%	9%	14%	15%	7%	28%
Strongly disapprove	49%	58%	41%	41%	50%	56%	41%	55%	25%	53%	23%	35%	59%	36%	69%	28%	37%	39%	46%	59%	48%	37%	45%	63%	6%	87%	60%	12%	87%	54%	10%	88%	47%
[VOL] Don't know/Refused	2%	<1%	2%	3%	<.5%	2%	1%	<1%	3%	4%	4%	2%	2%	<.5%	<1%	3%	4%	2%	1%	2%	2%	4%	<1%	<1%	2%	<.5%	7%	3%	1%	<1%	2%	0%	8%
NET Approve	37%	32%	42%	34%	32%	33%	52%	34%	56%	20%	65%	49%	29%	49%	23%	52%	46%	42%	43%	29%	39%	49%	40%	24%	76%	5%	13%	74%	3%	31%	73%	5%	17%
NET Disapprove	61%	67%	55%	64%	68%	64%	47%	66%	42%	76%	30%	50%	69%	51%	76%	45%	49%	56%	56%	69%	60%	47%	59%	75%	22%	95%	80%	23%	96%	68%	25%	95%	75%
Number of respondents	455	223	225	84	110	151	88	305	51	46	38	228	222	158	145	64	70	92	88	169	106	117	187	151	203	221	31	149	107	155	195	177	60
Percent of total electorate	100%	49%	50%	14%	20%	33%	27%	67%	11%	8%	9%	42%	56%	29%	37%	11%	17%	22%	19%	34%	26%	24%	42%	34%	45%	50%	6%	34%	26%	32%	43%	44%	8%

(Split B) The coronavirus pandemic
	Likely Electorate	Gender		Age				Race/Ethnicity				Education		Race/Education				Region				Neighborhood Type			2024 Vote Choice			Party ID			2020 Vote
	Likely Electorate	Men	Women	18-29	30-44	45-64	65+	White	Black	Hispanic	Oth.	B.A.+	No B.A.	White, college	White, no college	Non-white, college	Non-white, no college	Midwest	North-East	South	West	City	Suburb	Rural/ Small Town	Biden	Trump	Oth.	Dem.	Rep.	Ind.	Biden	Trump	Did not vote
Strongly approve	29%	24%	33%	23%	21%	30%	40%	26%	45%	32%	46%	34%	26%	34%	21%	39%	40%	23%	34%	26%	34%	41%	28%	22%	55%	4%	11%	63%	3%	20%	53%	3%	15%
Somewhat approve	26%	22%	30%	33%	32%	26%	18%	22%	27%	41%	32%	28%	25%	24%	22%	36%	32%	25%	32%	23%	28%	28%	30%	21%	34%	18%	27%	28%	23%	28%	31%	16%	45%
Somewhat disapprove	9%	10%	8%	11%	12%	9%	5%	9%	8%	14%	1%	11%	8%	11%	7%	10%	9%	7%	6%	11%	9%	6%	10%	8%	4%	12%	16%	3%	12%	12%	5%	10%	11%
Strongly disapprove	30%	35%	25%	28%	27%	30%	33%	35%	17%	12%	20%	21%	35%	24%	42%	15%	16%	39%	22%	33%	23%	22%	24%	41%	3%	58%	41%	4%	53%	32%	8%	63%	21%
[VOL] Don't know/Refused	6%	9%	4%	5%	7%	6%	5%	8%	3%	0%	0%	6%	6%	8%	8%	0%	2%	7%	6%	6%	7%	2%	7%	8%	4%	9%	6%	3%	9%	7%	3%	9%	8%
NET Approve	55%	46%	63%	56%	53%	56%	58%	48%	72%	73%	78%	62%	51%	57%	43%	76%	73%	47%	66%	49%	62%	69%	58%	43%	89%	22%	38%	91%	27%	48%	84%	19%	60%
NET Disapprove	39%	45%	33%	39%	39%	38%	37%	44%	25%	27%	22%	32%	43%	35%	49%	24%	26%	46%	28%	45%	32%	28%	35%	49%	7%	70%	56%	6%	65%	45%	13%	73%	32%
Number of respondents	420	211	204	61	116	137	88	295	38	45	25	196	222	140	155	45	62	85	94	156	85	99	174	147	202	185	33	126	116	140	198	137	60
Percent of total electorate	100%	44%	55%	11%	23%	33%	29%	71%	8%	12%	6%	38%	61%	26%	44%	10%	16%	21%	21%	35%	22%	21%	43%	36%	48%	44%	8%	33%	29%	30%	49%	36%	10%

(Split A) Maintaining law and order
	Likely Electorate	Gender		Age				Race/Ethnicity				Education		Race/Education				Region				Neighborhood Type			2024 Vote Choice			Party ID			2020 Vote
	Likely Electorate	Men	Women	18-29	30-44	45-64	65+	White	Black	Hispanic	Oth.	B.A.+	No B.A.	White, college	White, no college	Non-white, college	Non-white, no college	Midwest	North-East	South	West	City	Suburb	Rural/ Small Town	Biden	Trump	Oth.	Dem.	Rep.	Ind.	Biden	Trump	Did not vote
Strongly approve	18%	12%	24%	9%	12%	16%	30%	17%	35%	7%	19%	21%	16%	24%	12%	13%	29%	22%	22%	15%	16%	25%	15%	16%	37%	3%	2%	41%	<1%	10%	37%	2%	6%
Somewhat approve	24%	21%	28%	38%	32%	19%	20%	22%	32%	23%	42%	34%	18%	31%	15%	44%	25%	31%	23%	21%	24%	26%	29%	17%	45%	5%	32%	40%	3%	26%	42%	5%	32%
Somewhat disapprove	12%	11%	12%	15%	15%	11%	8%	10%	14%	21%	12%	10%	12%	9%	11%	17%	12%	8%	12%	11%	14%	11%	12%	12%	10%	13%	11%	8%	9%	17%	10%	10%	24%
Strongly disapprove	44%	53%	33%	35%	40%	50%	40%	49%	17%	43%	23%	32%	51%	34%	60%	24%	29%	35%	41%	51%	43%	32%	42%	53%	5%	77%	48%	8%	85%	44%	8%	81%	30%
[VOL] Don't know/Refused	3%	2%	4%	3%	<.5%	4%	2%	2%	1%	6%	4%	3%	3%	3%	2%	2%	5%	3%	2%	3%	2%	5%	2%	2%	3%	2%	7%	3%	2%	2%	3%	1%	8%
NET Approve	42%	34%	51%	47%	44%	35%	50%	39%	68%	30%	61%	54%	34%	55%	27%	58%	54%	53%	44%	35%	40%	51%	45%	33%	82%	7%	34%	81%	4%	36%	79%	7%	38%
NET Disapprove	55%	65%	45%	50%	56%	61%	48%	59%	31%	64%	35%	43%	63%	43%	71%	41%	41%	44%	53%	62%	58%	44%	54%	65%	15%	90%	60%	16%	95%	62%	18%	91%	54%
Number of respondents	455	223	225	84	110	151	88	305	51	46	38	228	222	158	145	64	70	92	88	169	106	117	187	151	203	221	31	149	107	155	195	177	60
Percent of total electorate	100%	49%	50%	14%	20%	33%	27%	67%	11%	8%	9%	42%	56%	29%	37%	11%	17%	22%	19%	34%	26%	24%	42%	34%	45%	50%	6%	34%	26%	32%	43%	44%	8%

(Split B) Unifying America
	Likely Electorate	Gender		Age				Race/Ethnicity				Education		Race/Education				Region				Neighborhood Type			2024 Vote Choice			Party ID			2020 Vote
	Likely Electorate	Men	Women	18-29	30-44	45-64	65+	White	Black	Hispanic	Oth.	B.A.+	No B.A.	White, college	White, no college	Non-white, college	Non-white, no college	Midwest	North-East	South	West	City	Suburb	Rural/ Small Town	Biden	Trump	Oth.	Dem.	Rep.	Ind.	Biden	Trump	Did not vote
Strongly approve	18%	11%	24%	8%	12%	20%	24%	16%	24%	30%	17%	18%	18%	18%	15%	21%	28%	13%	25%	12%	25%	21%	21%	12%	37%	0%	1%	43%	<1%	12%	34%	<1%	7%
Somewhat approve	28%	29%	28%	31%	31%	29%	25%	23%	43%	44%	31%	36%	23%	34%	16%	40%	40%	25%	32%	29%	26%	42%	29%	19%	48%	8%	18%	42%	11%	30%	45%	5%	27%
Somewhat disapprove	11%	10%	12%	23%	15%	12%	5%	13%	17%	4%	9%	9%	13%	9%	15%	11%	8%	13%	8%	10%	15%	10%	12%	12%	9%	14%	16%	8%	15%	12%	9%	11%	30%
Strongly disapprove	37%	46%	30%	31%	37%	36%	41%	43%	17%	19%	34%	31%	42%	34%	48%	23%	22%	47%	33%	39%	30%	26%	32%	50%	3%	74%	42%	2%	68%	42%	8%	80%	27%
[VOL] Don't know/Refused	5%	4%	6%	7%	5%	3%	5%	6%	0%	3%	9%	6%	5%	6%	6%	6%	2%	1%	3%	10%	4%	<.5%	7%	7%	3%	5%	23%	5%	5%	5%	4%	4%	9%
NET Approve	46%	40%	51%	40%	43%	49%	50%	39%	67%	74%	48%	54%	41%	51%	31%	60%	68%	38%	57%	41%	51%	63%	49%	32%	85%	8%	19%	85%	12%	42%	79%	6%	34%
NET Disapprove	49%	56%	42%	54%	52%	48%	46%	56%	33%	23%	43%	40%	55%	43%	63%	34%	30%	60%	40%	49%	45%	37%	44%	62%	12%	88%	58%	10%	83%	54%	17%	91%	57%
Number of respondents	420	211	204	61	116	137	88	295	38	45	25	196	222	140	155	45	62	85	94	156	85	99	174	147	202	185	33	126	116	140	198	137	60
Percent of total electorate	100%	44%	55%	11%	23%	33%	29%	71%	8%	12%	6%	38%	61%	26%	44%	10%	16%	21%	21%	35%	22%	21%	43%	36%	48%	44%	8%	33%	29%	30%	49%	36%	10%

(Split A) The Supreme Court
	Likely Electorate	Gender		Age				Race/Ethnicity				Education		Race/Education				Region				Neighborhood Type			2024 Vote Choice			Party ID			2020 Vote
	Likely Electorate	Men	Women	18-29	30-44	45-64	65+	White	Black	Hispanic	Oth.	B.A.+	No B.A.	White, college	White, no college	Non-white, college	Non-white, no college	Midwest	North-East	South	West	City	Suburb	Rural/ Small Town	Biden	Trump	Oth.	Dem.	Rep.	Ind.	Biden	Trump	Did not vote
Strongly approve	12%	8%	17%	5%	10%	15%	15%	12%	28%	3%	7%	16%	10%	16%	9%	13%	15%	13%	13%	11%	13%	22%	11%	7%	25%	3%	0%	29%	2%	6%	25%	2%	1%
Somewhat approve	25%	21%	28%	35%	28%	24%	20%	21%	34%	26%	49%	35%	18%	31%	13%	48%	29%	24%	28%	23%	24%	25%	26%	22%	40%	10%	30%	37%	7%	27%	40%	8%	29%
Somewhat disapprove	18%	20%	16%	23%	19%	14%	22%	17%	22%	35%	14%	18%	18%	18%	16%	18%	24%	13%	20%	16%	25%	19%	22%	14%	16%	20%	18%	15%	22%	17%	13%	21%	28%
Strongly disapprove	33%	40%	26%	21%	31%	37%	31%	38%	14%	11%	23%	17%	44%	16%	54%	12%	18%	27%	32%	42%	28%	21%	30%	46%	5%	59%	26%	6%	64%	33%	7%	62%	19%
[VOL] Don't know/Refused	12%	11%	13%	16%	13%	10%	11%	13%	2%	26%	8%	15%	9%	19%	8%	8%	13%	23%	7%	9%	10%	13%	12%	11%	14%	8%	26%	13%	4%	17%	15%	6%	23%
NET Approve	37%	29%	45%	40%	37%	39%	36%	33%	63%	29%	56%	51%	28%	47%	22%	61%	45%	37%	42%	34%	37%	47%	37%	29%	64%	13%	30%	66%	9%	33%	65%	11%	30%
NET Disapprove	51%	60%	42%	44%	50%	51%	53%	54%	35%	45%	36%	34%	62%	34%	70%	30%	42%	40%	51%	57%	53%	39%	51%	59%	22%	79%	44%	21%	86%	50%	20%	83%	47%
Number of respondents	455	223	225	84	110	151	88	305	51	46	38	228	222	158	145	64	70	92	88	169	106	117	187	151	203	221	31	149	107	155	195	177	60
Percent of total electorate	100%	49%	50%	14%	20%	33%	27%	67%	11%	8%	9%	42%	56%	29%	37%	11%	17%	22%	19%	34%	26%	24%	42%	34%	45%	50%	6%	34%	26%	32%	43%	44%	8%

(Split B) Foreign conflicts
	Likely Electorate	Gender		Age				Race/Ethnicity				Education		Race/Education				Region				Neighborhood Type			2024 Vote Choice			Party ID			2020 Vote
	Likely Electorate	Men	Women	18-29	30-44	45-64	65+	White	Black	Hispanic	Oth.	B.A.+	No B.A.	White, college	White, no college	Non-white, college	Non-white, no college	Midwest	North-East	South	West	City	Suburb	Rural/ Small Town	Biden	Trump	Oth.	Dem.	Rep.	Ind.	Biden	Trump	Did not vote
Strongly approve	13%	10%	15%	3%	6%	16%	20%	13%	12%	14%	9%	11%	14%	11%	15%	10%	14%	11%	17%	10%	14%	10%	15%	12%	26%	<.5%	0%	30%	2%	8%	25%	<1%	3%
Somewhat approve	23%	22%	25%	15%	23%	27%	24%	22%	40%	28%	12%	31%	18%	33%	15%	31%	24%	20%	29%	24%	22%	30%	28%	15%	39%	5%	27%	37%	11%	24%	38%	3%	26%
Somewhat disapprove	18%	17%	18%	25%	28%	15%	9%	16%	20%	23%	21%	15%	19%	13%	18%	15%	26%	17%	12%	13%	31%	18%	14%	21%	21%	15%	12%	20%	13%	18%	17%	14%	25%
Strongly disapprove	44%	50%	38%	54%	41%	40%	43%	47%	23%	32%	50%	41%	45%	41%	51%	43%	28%	52%	33%	51%	34%	37%	40%	52%	9%	78%	59%	9%	74%	47%	15%	82%	44%
[VOL] Don't know/Refused	3%	1%	4%	3%	2%	2%	4%	2%	5%	4%	7%	2%	3%	2%	1%	<1%	8%	<.5%	8%	2%	0%	5%	3%	<1%	4%	1%	2%	3%	<1%	3%	5%	<.5%	2%
NET Approve	36%	32%	40%	18%	29%	43%	44%	35%	52%	41%	21%	42%	32%	44%	30%	41%	38%	31%	46%	34%	36%	41%	43%	26%	66%	6%	27%	67%	12%	32%	64%	3%	29%
NET Disapprove	61%	67%	56%	79%	69%	55%	52%	63%	43%	54%	72%	56%	65%	54%	69%	59%	54%	69%	45%	64%	64%	55%	54%	73%	31%	93%	71%	30%	87%	65%	32%	96%	69%
Number of respondents	420	211	204	61	116	137	88	295	38	45	25	196	222	140	155	45	62	85	94	156	85	99	174	147	202	185	33	126	116	140	198	137	60
Percent of total electorate	100%	44%	55%	11%	23%	33%	29%	71%	8%	12%	6%	38%	61%	26%	44%	10%	16%	21%	21%	35%	22%	21%	43%	36%	48%	44%	8%	33%	29%	30%	49%	36%	10%

(Split A) Race relations
	Likely Electorate	Gender		Age				Race/Ethnicity				Education		Race/Education				Region				Neighborhood Type			2024 Vote Choice			Party ID			2020 Vote
	Likely Electorate	Men	Women	18-29	30-44	45-64	65+	White	Black	Hispanic	Oth.	B.A.+	No B.A.	White, college	White, no college	Non-white, college	Non-white, no college	Midwest	North-East	South	West	City	Suburb	Rural/ Small Town	Biden	Trump	Oth.	Dem.	Rep.	Ind.	Biden	Trump	Did not vote
Strongly approve	19%	15%	22%	7%	13%	18%	31%	19%	35%	4%	7%	22%	17%	25%	16%	12%	21%	28%	16%	17%	15%	32%	13%	16%	37%	3%	7%	42%	<1%	11%	38%	3%	4%
Somewhat approve	28%	22%	35%	48%	32%	23%	24%	24%	39%	36%	52%	35%	24%	30%	20%	53%	36%	28%	39%	25%	26%	25%	36%	22%	47%	12%	27%	42%	10%	29%	45%	10%	37%
Somewhat disapprove	16%	19%	14%	19%	21%	17%	14%	16%	12%	27%	16%	19%	14%	19%	13%	21%	13%	12%	16%	14%	23%	18%	16%	16%	13%	18%	24%	11%	13%	23%	13%	17%	27%
Strongly disapprove	34%	41%	27%	24%	33%	38%	31%	38%	13%	29%	20%	23%	41%	25%	47%	12%	26%	30%	29%	41%	33%	24%	32%	44%	1%	64%	36%	4%	74%	33%	3%	68%	23%
[VOL] Don't know/Refused	2%	3%	2%	3%	<1%	4%	<1%	2%	1%	4%	4%	<1%	4%	<1%	4%	1%	4%	3%	<1%	3%	2%	2%	3%	2%	1%	3%	7%	<1%	3%	4%	1%	3%	9%
NET Approve	47%	37%	57%	55%	45%	41%	54%	44%	73%	40%	59%	57%	41%	55%	36%	65%	57%	56%	54%	42%	41%	56%	49%	38%	84%	15%	34%	84%	11%	41%	83%	13%	41%
NET Disapprove	51%	60%	41%	42%	54%	55%	45%	54%	25%	56%	36%	42%	55%	45%	60%	34%	39%	41%	45%	55%	56%	42%	47%	61%	15%	82%	59%	15%	87%	56%	16%	85%	50%
Number of respondents	455	223	225	84	110	151	88	305	51	46	38	228	222	158	145	64	70	92	88	169	106	117	187	151	203	221	31	149	107	155	195	177	60
Percent of total electorate	100%	49%	50%	14%	20%	33%	27%	67%	11%	8%	9%	42%	56%	29%	37%	11%	17%	22%	19%	34%	26%	24%	42%	34%	45%	50%	6%	34%	26%	32%	43%	44%	8%

(Split B) Immigration
	Likely Electorate	Gender		Age				Race/Ethnicity				Education		Race/Education				Region				Neighborhood Type			2024 Vote Choice			Party ID			2020 Vote
	Likely Electorate	Men	Women	18-29	30-44	45-64	65+	White	Black	Hispanic	Oth.	B.A.+	No B.A.	White, college	White, no college	Non-white, college	Non-white, no college	Midwest	North-East	South	West	City	Suburb	Rural/ Small Town	Biden	Trump	Oth.	Dem.	Rep.	Ind.	Biden	Trump	Did not vote
Strongly approve	9%	7%	11%	5%	7%	11%	11%	8%	15%	13%	7%	9%	9%	7%	9%	16%	10%	7%	13%	6%	11%	12%	9%	7%	18%	<1%	1%	20%	<1%	7%	17%	1%	1%
Somewhat approve	23%	20%	27%	21%	27%	22%	24%	21%	36%	27%	26%	30%	19%	31%	15%	31%	29%	23%	22%	23%	26%	30%	25%	18%	44%	3%	15%	42%	9%	21%	38%	0%	42%
Somewhat disapprove	15%	12%	18%	29%	25%	12%	8%	13%	24%	24%	23%	17%	14%	15%	11%	25%	22%	13%	19%	11%	21%	22%	17%	9%	23%	8%	11%	21%	4%	17%	23%	3%	17%
Strongly disapprove	49%	57%	41%	40%	40%	51%	54%	55%	22%	36%	35%	40%	54%	44%	61%	28%	34%	57%	39%	54%	41%	36%	44%	62%	10%	87%	68%	11%	85%	50%	16%	94%	39%
[VOL] Don't know/Refused	4%	4%	3%	4%	1%	5%	4%	3%	3%	0%	9%	4%	4%	3%	3%	0%	6%	<1%	6%	6%	1%	<.5%	5%	4%	6%	1%	5%	5%	1%	5%	5%	1%	<.5%
NET Approve	32%	26%	38%	26%	34%	33%	35%	29%	51%	40%	33%	39%	28%	38%	24%	47%	39%	30%	35%	29%	38%	42%	34%	25%	62%	4%	16%	62%	10%	28%	55%	1%	43%
NET Disapprove	64%	69%	59%	70%	64%	62%	61%	67%	46%	60%	58%	57%	68%	59%	73%	53%	56%	69%	59%	65%	61%	58%	61%	71%	33%	95%	79%	32%	89%	68%	40%	97%	56%
Number of respondents	420	211	204	61	116	137	88	295	38	45	25	196	222	140	155	45	62	85	94	156	85	99	174	147	202	185	33	126	116	140	198	137	60
Percent of total electorate	100%	44%	55%	11%	23%	33%	29%	71%	8%	12%	6%	38%	61%	26%	44%	10%	16%	21%	21%	35%	22%	21%	43%	36%	48%	44%	8%	33%	29%	30%	49%	36%	10%

Do you think Donald Trump is good for democracy, bad for democracy, or neither good nor bad for democracy?
	Likely Electorate	Gender		Age				Race/Ethnicity				Education		Race/Education				Region				Neighborhood Type			2024 Vote Choice			Party ID			2020 Vote
	Likely Electorate	Men	Women	18-29	30-44	45-64	65+	White	Black	Hispanic	Oth.	B.A.+	No B.A.	White, college	White, no college	Non-white, college	Non-white, no college	Midwest	North-East	South	West	City	Suburb	Rural/ Small Town	Biden	Trump	Oth.	Dem.	Rep.	Ind.	Biden	Trump	Did not vote
Good for democracy	32%	39%	26%	23%	25%	36%	35%	37%	8%	24%	19%	23%	38%	26%	44%	12%	21%	33%	23%	35%	34%	24%	29%	41%	<1%	65%	11%	4%	70%	29%	5%	67%	22%
Bad for democracy	46%	38%	54%	47%	47%	45%	51%	41%	73%	49%	64%	60%	38%	58%	30%	66%	60%	43%	57%	39%	50%	61%	50%	32%	92%	4%	29%	86%	5%	45%	86%	3%	32%
Neither good nor bad for democracy	20%	21%	20%	29%	27%	18%	12%	20%	18%	26%	16%	17%	22%	15%	24%	22%	19%	21%	19%	24%	16%	14%	20%	25%	7%	30%	48%	10%	24%	24%	8%	28%	45%
[VOL] Don’t know/Refused	2%	3%	<1%	<1%	1%	<1%	2%	2%	0%	1%	<1%	<1%	2%	<1%	2%	0%	1%	3%	<1%	2%	<.5%	1%	<1%	3%	<1%	1%	11%	<.5%	<1%	2%	<1%	2%	2%
Number of respondents	875	434	429	145	226	288	176	600	89	91	63	424	444	298	300	109	132	177	182	325	191	216	361	298	405	406	64	275	223	295	393	314	120
Percent of total electorate	100%	47%	53%	12%	21%	33%	28%	69%	10%	10%	7%	40%	59%	28%	41%	11%	16%	22%	20%	34%	24%	22%	43%	35%	46%	47%	7%	34%	28%	31%	46%	40%	9%

(If bad for democracy) Which statement comes closer to your view, even if neither is exactly right?
	Likely Electorate	Gender		Age				Race/Ethnicity				Education		Race/Education				Region				Neighborhood Type			2024 Vote Choice			Party ID			2020 Vote
	Likely Electorate	Men	Women	18-29	30-44	45-64	65+	White	Black	Hispanic	Oth.	B.A.+	No B.A.	White, college	White, no college	Non-white, college	Non-white, no college	Midwest	North-East	South	West	City	Suburb	Rural/ Small Town	Biden	Trump	Oth.	Dem.	Rep.	Ind.	Biden	Trump	Did not vote
Donald Trump poses a unique threat to democracy	43%	35%	49%	41%	40%	42%	49%	39%	67%	38%	61%	57%	33%	56%	28%	62%	50%	41%	53%	35%	45%	56%	45%	30%	86%	2%	25%	81%	4%	41%	82%	2%	25%
Donald Trump is not much worse for democracy than typical politicians	4%	3%	5%	6%	7%	3%	1%	2%	7%	11%	3%	3%	4%	3%	2%	4%	10%	2%	4%	4%	5%	5%	5%	1%	6%	2%	4%	5%	<1%	4%	5%	2%	6%
[VOL] Don't know/Refused	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%	0%
[PREVIOUSLY] Good for democracy	32%	39%	26%	23%	25%	36%	35%	37%	8%	24%	19%	23%	38%	26%	44%	12%	21%	33%	23%	35%	34%	24%	29%	41%	<1%	65%	11%	4%	70%	29%	5%	67%	22%
[PREVIOUSLY] Neither good nor bad for democracy	20%	21%	20%	29%	27%	18%	12%	20%	18%	26%	16%	17%	22%	15%	24%	22%	19%	21%	19%	24%	16%	14%	20%	25%	7%	30%	48%	10%	24%	24%	8%	28%	45%
[PREVIOUSLY] Don’t know/Refused	2%	3%	<1%	<1%	1%	<1%	2%	2%	0%	1%	<1%	<1%	2%	<1%	2%	0%	1%	3%	<1%	2%	<.5%	1%	<1%	3%	<1%	1%	11%	<.5%	<1%	2%	<1%	2%	2%
Number of respondents	875	434	429	145	226	288	176	600	89	91	63	424	444	298	300	109	132	177	182	325	191	216	361	298	405	406	64	275	223	295	393	314	120
Percent of total electorate	100%	47%	53%	12%	21%	33%	28%	69%	10%	10%	7%	40%	59%	28%	41%	11%	16%	22%	20%	34%	24%	22%	43%	35%	46%	47%	7%	34%	28%	31%	46%	40%	9%

Do you think Joe Biden is good for democracy, bad for democracy, or neither good nor bad for democracy?
	Likely Electorate	Gender		Age				Race/Ethnicity				Education		Race/Education				Region				Neighborhood Type			2024 Vote Choice			Party ID			2020 Vote
	Likely Electorate	Men	Women	18-29	30-44	45-64	65+	White	Black	Hispanic	Oth.	B.A.+	No B.A.	White, college	White, no college	Non-white, college	Non-white, no college	Midwest	North-East	South	West	City	Suburb	Rural/ Small Town	Biden	Trump	Oth.	Dem.	Rep.	Ind.	Biden	Trump	Did not vote
Good for democracy	34%	28%	39%	17%	29%	35%	46%	32%	49%	26%	42%	45%	27%	44%	24%	46%	34%	31%	45%	28%	35%	42%	38%	23%	67%	4%	11%	68%	5%	29%	66%	3%	14%
Bad for democracy	39%	46%	32%	28%	33%	43%	41%	45%	14%	33%	18%	30%	45%	33%	52%	20%	24%	40%	32%	43%	39%	30%	35%	50%	4%	73%	45%	5%	77%	38%	7%	78%	30%
Neither good nor bad for democracy	26%	24%	28%	54%	38%	21%	11%	21%	37%	42%	39%	25%	26%	22%	21%	34%	41%	27%	23%	27%	26%	26%	27%	25%	29%	21%	35%	27%	18%	30%	26%	17%	55%
[VOL] Don’t know/Refused	1%	2%	<1%	<1%	<1%	<1%	2%	2%	0%	0%	1%	<1%	2%	<1%	3%	0%	<1%	3%	0%	2%	<.5%	2%	<1%	2%	<.5%	2%	9%	0%	<1%	3%	<1%	2%	<1%
Number of respondents	875	434	429	145	226	288	176	600	89	91	63	424	444	298	300	109	132	177	182	325	191	216	361	298	405	406	64	275	223	295	393	314	120
Percent of total electorate	100%	47%	53%	12%	21%	33%	28%	69%	10%	10%	7%	40%	59%	28%	41%	11%	16%	22%	20%	34%	24%	22%	43%	35%	46%	47%	7%	34%	28%	31%	46%	40%	9%

(If bad for democracy) Which statement comes closer to your view, even if neither is exactly right?
	Likely Electorate	Gender		Age				Race/Ethnicity				Education		Race/Education				Region				Neighborhood Type			2024 Vote Choice			Party ID			2020 Vote
	Likely Electorate	Men	Women	18-29	30-44	45-64	65+	White	Black	Hispanic	Oth.	B.A.+	No B.A.	White, college	White, no college	Non-white, college	Non-white, no college	Midwest	North-East	South	West	City	Suburb	Rural/ Small Town	Biden	Trump	Oth.	Dem.	Rep.	Ind.	Biden	Trump	Did not vote
Joe Biden poses a unique threat to democracy	30%	36%	25%	17%	24%	35%	32%	35%	7%	23%	12%	22%	36%	24%	42%	14%	15%	29%	24%	35%	31%	22%	26%	41%	<.5%	61%	29%	1%	64%	30%	3%	66%	15%
Joe Biden is not much worse for democracy than typical politicians	8%	8%	7%	12%	8%	7%	7%	8%	7%	8%	5%	8%	8%	9%	8%	6%	8%	8%	8%	8%	7%	8%	7%	9%	4%	11%	14%	4%	11%	7%	4%	11%	15%
[VOL] Don't know/Refused	<1%	2%	<.5%	0%	<.5%	<1%	2%	1%	0%	1%	0%	<.5%	1%	<.5%	2%	0%	<1%	3%	0%	<.5%	<1%	0%	1%	1%	0%	2%	2%	0%	2%	<1%	0%	2%	0%
[PREVIOUSLY] Good for democracy	34%	28%	39%	17%	29%	35%	46%	32%	49%	26%	42%	45%	27%	44%	24%	46%	34%	31%	45%	28%	35%	42%	38%	23%	67%	4%	11%	68%	5%	29%	66%	3%	14%
[PREVIOUSLY] Neither good nor bad for democracy	26%	24%	28%	54%	38%	21%	11%	21%	37%	42%	39%	25%	26%	22%	21%	34%	41%	27%	23%	27%	26%	26%	27%	25%	29%	21%	35%	27%	18%	30%	26%	17%	55%
[PREVIOUSLY] Don’t know/Refused	1%	2%	<1%	<1%	<1%	<1%	2%	2%	0%	0%	1%	<1%	2%	<1%	3%	0%	<1%	3%	0%	2%	<.5%	2%	<1%	2%	<.5%	2%	9%	0%	<1%	3%	<1%	2%	<1%
Number of respondents	875	434	429	145	226	288	176	600	89	91	63	424	444	298	300	109	132	177	182	325	191	216	361	298	405	406	64	275	223	295	393	314	120
Percent of total electorate	100%	47%	53%	12%	21%	33%	28%	69%	10%	10%	7%	40%	59%	28%	41%	11%	16%	22%	20%	34%	24%	22%	43%	35%	46%	47%	7%	34%	28%	31%	46%	40%	9%

Thinking about the nation's economy, how would you rate economic conditions today?
	Likely Electorate	Gender		Age				Race/Ethnicity				Education		Race/Education				Region				Neighborhood Type			2024 Vote Choice			Party ID			2020 Vote
	Likely Electorate	Men	Women	18-29	30-44	45-64	65+	White	Black	Hispanic	Oth.	B.A.+	No B.A.	White, college	White, no college	Non-white, college	Non-white, no college	Midwest	North-East	South	West	City	Suburb	Rural/ Small Town	Biden	Trump	Oth.	Dem.	Rep.	Ind.	Biden	Trump	Did not vote
Excellent	5%	5%	5%	6%	2%	4%	8%	5%	6%	4%	3%	7%	3%	7%	4%	8%	2%	4%	5%	4%	6%	6%	5%	3%	10%	<.5%	0%	11%	<.5%	3%	10%	<1%	0%
Good	19%	17%	20%	6%	15%	20%	27%	20%	16%	7%	27%	26%	14%	29%	14%	19%	14%	24%	26%	13%	15%	19%	21%	15%	38%	2%	4%	37%	3%	16%	37%	2%	5%
Only fair	27%	25%	28%	26%	30%	28%	23%	23%	41%	40%	30%	28%	26%	26%	21%	30%	41%	22%	28%	30%	25%	37%	27%	19%	35%	18%	33%	32%	21%	26%	33%	17%	40%
Poor	50%	52%	47%	62%	53%	48%	41%	52%	37%	48%	40%	39%	57%	38%	62%	42%	43%	50%	41%	52%	54%	37%	46%	62%	17%	80%	63%	20%	76%	54%	20%	80%	54%
[VOL] Don't know/Refused	<.5%	<.5%	<.5%	0%	<.5%	0%	<.5%	<.5%	<1%	0%	0%	<.5%	<.5%	<.5%	0%	0%	<.5%	0%	0%	<1%	0%	<.5%	<.5%	<.5%	<1%	0%	0%	<1%	0%	0%	<.5%	0%	0%
NET Excellent/good	23%	22%	25%	12%	17%	24%	35%	25%	21%	11%	31%	33%	17%	36%	18%	27%	16%	28%	31%	17%	21%	25%	27%	18%	47%	2%	4%	48%	3%	20%	46%	2%	5%
NET Fair/poor	76%	78%	75%	88%	83%	76%	65%	75%	78%	89%	69%	67%	83%	64%	82%	73%	84%	72%	69%	82%	79%	75%	73%	81%	52%	98%	96%	52%	97%	80%	54%	98%	95%
Number of respondents	875	434	429	145	226	288	176	600	89	91	63	424	444	298	300	109	132	177	182	325	191	216	361	298	405	406	64	275	223	295	393	314	120
Percent of total electorate	100%	47%	53%	12%	21%	33%	28%	69%	10%	10%	7%	40%	59%	28%	41%	11%	16%	22%	20%	34%	24%	22%	43%	35%	46%	47%	7%	34%	28%	31%	46%	40%	9%

Next, regardless of who you support for president, tell me whether you strongly agree, somewhat agree, somewhat disagree or strongly disagree with each of the following statements.
Joe Biden is just too old to be an effective president.
	Likely Electorate	Gender		Age				Race/Ethnicity				Education		Race/Education				Region				Neighborhood Type			2024 Vote Choice			Party ID			2020 Vote
	Likely Electorate	Men	Women	18-29	30-44	45-64	65+	White	Black	Hispanic	Oth.	B.A.+	No B.A.	White, college	White, no college	Non-white, college	Non-white, no college	Midwest	North-East	South	West	City	Suburb	Rural/ Small Town	Biden	Trump	Oth.	Dem.	Rep.	Ind.	Biden	Trump	Did not vote
Strongly agree	46%	50%	42%	47%	45%	50%	42%	49%	33%	46%	32%	39%	51%	41%	55%	34%	40%	45%	42%	50%	46%	39%	42%	56%	22%	70%	52%	22%	70%	50%	24%	71%	54%
Somewhat agree	21%	21%	20%	37%	24%	18%	14%	20%	24%	24%	30%	24%	19%	23%	17%	30%	23%	20%	25%	19%	20%	22%	21%	19%	29%	13%	13%	29%	14%	16%	28%	13%	24%
Somewhat disagree	16%	12%	19%	12%	17%	16%	17%	16%	20%	6%	21%	19%	14%	18%	14%	18%	13%	14%	20%	14%	15%	15%	18%	13%	23%	9%	6%	23%	11%	14%	24%	7%	11%
Strongly disagree	15%	14%	16%	4%	10%	13%	26%	13%	24%	17%	14%	17%	13%	17%	10%	18%	20%	17%	9%	14%	18%	22%	16%	8%	24%	5%	15%	26%	6%	13%	24%	5%	9%
[VOL] Don’t know/Refused	3%	3%	3%	<.5%	4%	3%	<1%	3%	0%	7%	1%	1%	4%	2%	3%	0%	5%	4%	4%	3%	1%	2%	3%	3%	2%	3%	14%	<.5%	<.5%	6%	2%	4%	1%
NET Agree	67%	71%	63%	84%	69%	68%	56%	69%	57%	70%	63%	63%	69%	64%	72%	64%	63%	65%	67%	69%	65%	61%	64%	75%	51%	83%	65%	51%	83%	66%	51%	84%	78%
NET Disagree	30%	26%	35%	16%	27%	29%	43%	28%	43%	23%	36%	36%	27%	34%	25%	36%	32%	31%	29%	28%	33%	37%	33%	22%	48%	14%	22%	49%	16%	27%	47%	13%	21%
Number of respondents	875	434	429	145	226	288	176	600	89	91	63	424	444	298	300	109	132	177	182	325	191	216	361	298	405	406	64	275	223	295	393	314	120
Percent of total electorate	100%	47%	53%	12%	21%	33%	28%	69%	10%	10%	7%	40%	59%	28%	41%	11%	16%	22%	20%	34%	24%	22%	43%	35%	46%	47%	7%	34%	28%	31%	46%	40%	9%

Donald Trump is just too old to be an effective president.
	Likely Electorate	Gender		Age				Race/Ethnicity				Education		Race/Education				Region				Neighborhood Type			2024 Vote Choice			Party ID			2020 Vote
	Likely Electorate	Men	Women	18-29	30-44	45-64	65+	White	Black	Hispanic	Oth.	B.A.+	No B.A.	White, college	White, no college	Non-white, college	Non-white, no college	Midwest	North-East	South	West	City	Suburb	Rural/ Small Town	Biden	Trump	Oth.	Dem.	Rep.	Ind.	Biden	Trump	Did not vote
Strongly agree	20%	17%	23%	27%	17%	19%	23%	19%	35%	20%	24%	22%	19%	21%	17%	24%	28%	20%	22%	18%	24%	25%	21%	16%	35%	5%	28%	34%	7%	19%	33%	4%	26%
Somewhat agree	18%	19%	18%	35%	19%	17%	13%	17%	15%	27%	32%	23%	16%	21%	15%	29%	20%	19%	20%	17%	19%	17%	18%	20%	24%	12%	20%	22%	12%	19%	23%	10%	28%
Somewhat disagree	25%	23%	28%	20%	30%	28%	22%	28%	17%	17%	15%	26%	25%	28%	29%	19%	15%	26%	27%	22%	27%	24%	25%	26%	22%	29%	18%	23%	35%	20%	23%	29%	24%
Strongly disagree	33%	39%	28%	19%	31%	33%	39%	33%	30%	30%	28%	28%	36%	28%	36%	27%	32%	30%	29%	41%	28%	31%	31%	37%	15%	52%	28%	18%	47%	36%	17%	55%	22%
[VOL] Don’t know/Refused	3%	3%	3%	0%	3%	3%	3%	3%	3%	6%	0%	2%	4%	2%	3%	2%	4%	5%	2%	3%	3%	2%	5%	2%	4%	2%	5%	3%	0%	6%	3%	2%	<.5%
NET Agree	39%	35%	41%	62%	37%	36%	36%	36%	50%	47%	56%	44%	35%	42%	32%	52%	48%	39%	42%	34%	43%	43%	39%	35%	59%	17%	49%	56%	18%	38%	56%	14%	54%
NET Disagree	58%	62%	55%	38%	61%	61%	61%	62%	47%	47%	44%	54%	61%	56%	65%	46%	47%	56%	56%	63%	55%	56%	56%	63%	37%	81%	46%	41%	82%	56%	41%	84%	46%
Number of respondents	875	434	429	145	226	288	176	600	89	91	63	424	444	298	300	109	132	177	182	325	191	216	361	298	405	406	64	275	223	295	393	314	120
Percent of total electorate	100%	47%	53%	12%	21%	33%	28%	69%	10%	10%	7%	40%	59%	28%	41%	11%	16%	22%	20%	34%	24%	22%	43%	35%	46%	47%	7%	34%	28%	31%	46%	40%	9%

(Split B) Do you think Joe Biden has the personality and temperament to be an effective president?
	Likely Electorate	Gender		Age				Race/Ethnicity				Education		Race/Education				Region				Neighborhood Type			2024 Vote Choice			Party ID			2020 Vote
	Likely Electorate	Men	Women	18-29	30-44	45-64	65+	White	Black	Hispanic	Oth.	B.A.+	No B.A.	White, college	White, no college	Non-white, college	Non-white, no college	Midwest	North-East	South	West	City	Suburb	Rural/ Small Town	Biden	Trump	Oth.	Dem.	Rep.	Ind.	Biden	Trump	Did not vote
Yes	46%	41%	51%	38%	49%	49%	49%	40%	77%	59%	56%	57%	39%	55%	31%	61%	65%	32%	57%	43%	55%	58%	51%	34%	87%	9%	7%	87%	10%	45%	82%	7%	26%
No	52%	57%	48%	60%	50%	51%	51%	59%	23%	41%	44%	42%	59%	44%	68%	39%	35%	68%	41%	55%	44%	41%	47%	65%	11%	91%	87%	12%	89%	53%	18%	92%	74%
[VOL] Don’t know/Refused	1%	2%	<1%	2%	2%	0%	0%	2%	0%	0%	0%	1%	1%	2%	2%	0%	0%	0%	2%	2%	1%	1%	1%	1%	1%	<.5%	6%	<1%	<1%	2%	<1%	<1%	0%
Number of respondents	420	211	204	61	116	137	88	295	38	45	25	196	222	140	155	45	62	85	94	156	85	99	174	147	202	185	33	126	116	140	198	137	60
Percent of total electorate	100%	44%	55%	11%	23%	33%	29%	71%	8%	12%	6%	38%	61%	26%	44%	10%	16%	21%	21%	35%	22%	21%	43%	36%	48%	44%	8%	33%	29%	30%	49%	36%	10%

Do you think Donald Trump has the personality and temperament to be an effective president?
	Likely Electorate	Gender		Age				Race/Ethnicity				Education		Race/Education				Region				Neighborhood Type			2024 Vote Choice			Party ID			2020 Vote
	Likely Electorate	Men	Women	18-29	30-44	45-64	65+	White	Black	Hispanic	Oth.	B.A.+	No B.A.	White, college	White, no college	Non-white, college	Non-white, no college	Midwest	North-East	South	West	City	Suburb	Rural/ Small Town	Biden	Trump	Oth.	Dem.	Rep.	Ind.	Biden	Trump	Did not vote
Yes	41%	51%	31%	37%	41%	38%	43%	45%	24%	38%	17%	29%	48%	31%	54%	22%	31%	41%	34%	47%	38%	33%	36%	52%	3%	80%	31%	7%	75%	40%	7%	82%	33%
No	58%	46%	68%	61%	58%	59%	57%	54%	76%	59%	81%	69%	50%	68%	45%	76%	67%	58%	66%	52%	59%	66%	63%	46%	97%	18%	62%	92%	23%	58%	92%	16%	65%
[VOL] Don’t know/Refused	2%	3%	<1%	2%	<1%	2%	0%	1%	0%	4%	2%	1%	2%	1%	1%	2%	2%	<1%	<.5%	1%	3%	2%	1%	2%	<.5%	2%	7%	<1%	2%	2%	<.5%	2%	2%
Number of respondents	875	434	429	145	226	288	176	600	89	91	63	424	444	298	300	109	132	177	182	325	191	216	361	298	405	406	64	275	223	295	393	314	120
Percent of total electorate	100%	47%	53%	12%	21%	33%	28%	69%	10%	10%	7%	40%	59%	28%	41%	11%	16%	22%	20%	34%	24%	22%	43%	35%	46%	47%	7%	34%	28%	31%	46%	40%	9%

If Donald Trump is elected president in November, what best describes your feelings about what he will do in office?
	Likely Electorate	Gender		Age				Race/Ethnicity				Education		Race/Education				Region				Neighborhood Type			2024 Vote Choice			Party ID			2020 Vote
	Likely Electorate	Men	Women	18-29	30-44	45-64	65+	White	Black	Hispanic	Oth.	B.A.+	No B.A.	White, college	White, no college	Non-white, college	Non-white, no college	Midwest	North-East	South	West	City	Suburb	Rural/ Small Town	Biden	Trump	Oth.	Dem.	Rep.	Ind.	Biden	Trump	Did not vote
Excited	15%	19%	11%	12%	13%	17%	12%	17%	6%	10%	6%	11%	17%	13%	20%	6%	8%	17%	13%	14%	17%	11%	13%	19%	0%	32%	2%	<1%	32%	14%	<.5%	35%	7%
Optimistic	31%	39%	25%	30%	33%	32%	32%	35%	13%	31%	16%	22%	37%	23%	43%	18%	21%	32%	24%	39%	26%	23%	27%	42%	1%	61%	31%	6%	56%	33%	8%	59%	34%
Concerned	19%	19%	20%	34%	22%	16%	14%	15%	32%	34%	26%	22%	18%	18%	13%	33%	31%	16%	24%	17%	21%	24%	20%	14%	30%	6%	36%	23%	6%	26%	25%	6%	36%
Scared	33%	23%	42%	21%	29%	35%	42%	31%	49%	22%	46%	43%	26%	45%	23%	40%	37%	35%	40%	27%	34%	41%	37%	22%	68%	<1%	18%	69%	4%	25%	66%	<1%	18%
[VOL] Don't know/Refused	2%	1%	2%	3%	2%	<.5%	<.5%	1%	0%	3%	6%	1%	2%	<1%	2%	3%	3%	0%	0%	4%	1%	<1%	2%	2%	<1%	<1%	14%	2%	2%	<1%	1%	<.5%	5%
Number of respondents	875	434	429	145	226	288	176	600	89	91	63	424	444	298	300	109	132	177	182	325	191	216	361	298	405	406	64	275	223	295	393	314	120
Percent of total electorate	100%	47%	53%	12%	21%	33%	28%	69%	10%	10%	7%	40%	59%	28%	41%	11%	16%	22%	20%	34%	24%	22%	43%	35%	46%	47%	7%	34%	28%	31%	46%	40%	9%

Would you be more likely to describe electing Donald Trump as president this November as a safe choice for the country or a risky choice for the country?
	Likely Electorate	Gender		Age				Race/Ethnicity				Education		Race/Education				Region				Neighborhood Type			2024 Vote Choice			Party ID			2020 Vote
	Likely Electorate	Men	Women	18-29	30-44	45-64	65+	White	Black	Hispanic	Oth.	B.A.+	No B.A.	White, college	White, no college	Non-white, college	Non-white, no college	Midwest	North-East	South	West	City	Suburb	Rural/ Small Town	Biden	Trump	Oth.	Dem.	Rep.	Ind.	Biden	Trump	Did not vote
Safe choice	42%	52%	33%	34%	39%	46%	40%	47%	13%	36%	21%	32%	48%	36%	55%	20%	26%	41%	33%	48%	42%	29%	36%	57%	1%	86%	16%	6%	84%	40%	5%	88%	37%
Risky choice	57%	47%	67%	66%	61%	53%	60%	52%	87%	63%	77%	67%	51%	63%	45%	80%	72%	58%	66%	51%	58%	70%	63%	42%	98%	14%	76%	93%	16%	58%	94%	12%	63%
[VOL] Don’t know/Refused	<1%	1%	<1%	<.5%	<.5%	1%	<.5%	<1%	0%	1%	1%	<1%	<1%	1%	<.5%	0%	1%	1%	<1%	1%	<.5%	<1%	1%	<1%	<1%	<.5%	8%	<1%	0%	1%	1%	<.5%	<.5%
Number of respondents	875	434	429	145	226	288	176	600	89	91	63	424	444	298	300	109	132	177	182	325	191	216	361	298	405	406	64	275	223	295	393	314	120
Percent of total electorate	100%	47%	53%	12%	21%	33%	28%	69%	10%	10%	7%	40%	59%	28%	41%	11%	16%	22%	20%	34%	24%	22%	43%	35%	46%	47%	7%	34%	28%	31%	46%	40%	9%

Would you be more likely to describe re-electing Joe Biden as president this November as a safe choice for the country or a risky choice for the country?
	Likely Electorate	Gender		Age				Race/Ethnicity				Education		Race/Education				Region				Neighborhood Type			2024 Vote Choice			Party ID			2020 Vote
	Likely Electorate	Men	Women	18-29	30-44	45-64	65+	White	Black	Hispanic	Oth.	B.A.+	No B.A.	White, college	White, no college	Non-white, college	Non-white, no college	Midwest	North-East	South	West	City	Suburb	Rural/ Small Town	Biden	Trump	Oth.	Dem.	Rep.	Ind.	Biden	Trump	Did not vote
Safe choice	42%	35%	49%	41%	40%	39%	50%	37%	68%	38%	65%	53%	35%	52%	27%	56%	56%	40%	51%	34%	47%	58%	45%	28%	85%	4%	8%	82%	5%	38%	80%	3%	29%
Risky choice	57%	64%	50%	58%	60%	59%	49%	62%	31%	57%	33%	46%	64%	47%	72%	41%	41%	59%	48%	64%	52%	41%	54%	71%	14%	96%	80%	17%	95%	59%	18%	97%	69%
[VOL] Don’t know/Refused	1%	2%	1%	1%	<.5%	2%	<1%	<1%	1%	5%	2%	2%	1%	1%	<1%	3%	3%	1%	1%	2%	1%	2%	2%	1%	<.5%	<1%	12%	<1%	<.5%	2%	1%	0%	3%
Number of respondents	875	434	429	145	226	288	176	600	89	91	63	424	444	298	300	109	132	177	182	325	191	216	361	298	405	406	64	275	223	295	393	314	120
Percent of total electorate	100%	47%	53%	12%	21%	33%	28%	69%	10%	10%	7%	40%	59%	28%	41%	11%	16%	22%	20%	34%	24%	22%	43%	35%	46%	47%	7%	34%	28%	31%	46%	40%	9%

Has Donald Trump ever said anything that you found offensive?
	Likely Electorate	Gender		Age				Race/Ethnicity				Education		Race/Education				Region				Neighborhood Type			2024 Vote Choice			Party ID			2020 Vote
	Likely Electorate	Men	Women	18-29	30-44	45-64	65+	White	Black	Hispanic	Oth.	B.A.+	No B.A.	White, college	White, no college	Non-white, college	Non-white, no college	Midwest	North-East	South	West	City	Suburb	Rural/ Small Town	Biden	Trump	Oth.	Dem.	Rep.	Ind.	Biden	Trump	Did not vote
Yes, recently	41%	36%	46%	29%	35%	46%	50%	40%	53%	43%	46%	52%	34%	52%	32%	54%	44%	39%	49%	34%	46%	52%	43%	31%	74%	9%	38%	72%	9%	40%	72%	8%	29%
Yes, but not recently	32%	30%	33%	48%	36%	28%	25%	30%	37%	34%	31%	30%	33%	29%	32%	35%	35%	30%	27%	38%	29%	26%	32%	35%	21%	43%	32%	22%	39%	35%	21%	41%	42%
No	26%	33%	20%	23%	28%	26%	24%	29%	9%	22%	23%	16%	32%	18%	36%	10%	21%	29%	22%	27%	25%	22%	23%	32%	4%	48%	25%	5%	50%	24%	6%	50%	27%
[VOL] Don’t know/Refused	1%	1%	<1%	<1%	1%	<1%	<1%	<1%	2%	2%	0%	1%	<1%	1%	<1%	<1%	<1%	1%	1%	1%	1%	<.5%	1%	2%	<1%	<1%	5%	<1%	1%	1%	<1%	<1%	2%
Number of respondents	875	434	429	145	226	288	176	600	89	91	63	424	444	298	300	109	132	177	182	325	191	216	361	298	405	406	64	275	223	295	393	314	120
Percent of total electorate	100%	47%	53%	12%	21%	33%	28%	69%	10%	10%	7%	40%	59%	28%	41%	11%	16%	22%	20%	34%	24%	22%	43%	35%	46%	47%	7%	34%	28%	31%	46%	40%	9%

How much do you think Donald Trump respects women?
	Likely Electorate	Gender		Age				Race/Ethnicity				Education		Race/Education				Region				Neighborhood Type			2024 Vote Choice			Party ID			2020 Vote
	Likely Electorate	Men	Women	18-29	30-44	45-64	65+	White	Black	Hispanic	Oth.	B.A.+	No B.A.	White, college	White, no college	Non-white, college	Non-white, no college	Midwest	North-East	South	West	City	Suburb	Rural/ Small Town	Biden	Trump	Oth.	Dem.	Rep.	Ind.	Biden	Trump	Did not vote
A lot	20%	24%	17%	12%	13%	21%	25%	24%	6%	10%	7%	15%	23%	18%	29%	7%	8%	21%	16%	23%	18%	15%	16%	29%	0%	43%	2%	<1%	45%	19%	<1%	47%	9%
Some	23%	31%	16%	24%	31%	23%	17%	25%	9%	26%	15%	17%	27%	19%	29%	14%	18%	26%	17%	26%	22%	17%	20%	31%	3%	41%	29%	5%	38%	25%	6%	39%	33%
Not much	17%	13%	22%	27%	16%	16%	16%	14%	22%	22%	33%	20%	16%	16%	14%	30%	21%	17%	16%	17%	20%	17%	20%	14%	24%	9%	28%	24%	10%	17%	22%	7%	30%
Not at all	36%	28%	44%	35%	37%	37%	41%	33%	62%	39%	43%	46%	31%	46%	25%	47%	50%	35%	48%	29%	40%	49%	40%	24%	72%	3%	26%	69%	4%	35%	70%	2%	27%
[VOL] Don’t know/Refused	3%	4%	2%	3%	3%	4%	1%	3%	1%	4%	2%	2%	4%	1%	4%	2%	2%	2%	4%	5%	<1%	3%	4%	2%	<.5%	4%	15%	<1%	3%	4%	<1%	4%	1%
Number of respondents	875	434	429	145	226	288	176	600	89	91	63	424	444	298	300	109	132	177	182	325	191	216	361	298	405	406	64	275	223	295	393	314	120
Percent of total electorate	100%	47%	53%	12%	21%	33%	28%	69%	10%	10%	7%	40%	59%	28%	41%	11%	16%	22%	20%	34%	24%	22%	43%	35%	46%	47%	7%	34%	28%	31%	46%	40%	9%

Thinking about the investigations into Donald Trump, do you think that Donald Trump has or has not committed any serious federal crimes?
	Likely Electorate	Gender		Age				Race/Ethnicity				Education		Race/Education				Region				Neighborhood Type			2024 Vote Choice			Party ID			2020 Vote
	Likely Electorate	Men	Women	18-29	30-44	45-64	65+	White	Black	Hispanic	Oth.	B.A.+	No B.A.	White, college	White, no college	Non-white, college	Non-white, no college	Midwest	North-East	South	West	City	Suburb	Rural/ Small Town	Biden	Trump	Oth.	Dem.	Rep.	Ind.	Biden	Trump	Did not vote
Donald Trump has committed serious federal crimes	53%	40%	64%	67%	51%	50%	55%	45%	84%	64%	71%	61%	47%	57%	38%	73%	72%	54%	61%	44%	56%	65%	58%	38%	93%	13%	48%	90%	17%	49%	90%	9%	54%
Donald Trump has not committed serious federal crimes	39%	51%	28%	27%	39%	41%	40%	46%	8%	28%	24%	29%	44%	32%	54%	22%	19%	35%	28%	47%	38%	28%	33%	52%	3%	77%	17%	6%	74%	40%	6%	81%	28%
[VOL] Don't know/Refused	9%	10%	8%	7%	10%	9%	5%	9%	9%	8%	4%	9%	9%	10%	8%	5%	9%	10%	10%	9%	7%	7%	9%	11%	4%	10%	34%	4%	9%	10%	5%	10%	18%
Number of respondents	875	434	429	145	226	288	176	600	89	91	63	424	444	298	300	109	132	177	182	325	191	216	361	298	405	406	64	275	223	295	393	314	120
Percent of total electorate	100%	47%	53%	12%	21%	33%	28%	69%	10%	10%	7%	40%	59%	28%	41%	11%	16%	22%	20%	34%	24%	22%	43%	35%	46%	47%	7%	34%	28%	31%	46%	40%	9%

What comes closer to your view about Donald Trump's actions after the 2020 election?
	Likely Electorate	Gender		Age				Race/Ethnicity				Education		Race/Education				Region				Neighborhood Type			2024 Vote Choice			Party ID			2020 Vote
	Likely Electorate	Men	Women	18-29	30-44	45-64	65+	White	Black	Hispanic	Oth.	B.A.+	No B.A.	White, college	White, no college	Non-white, college	Non-white, no college	Midwest	North-East	South	West	City	Suburb	Rural/ Small Town	Biden	Trump	Oth.	Dem.	Rep.	Ind.	Biden	Trump	Did not vote
He was just exercising his right to contest the election	42%	51%	35%	40%	43%	46%	36%	47%	15%	38%	30%	31%	49%	34%	56%	24%	30%	41%	33%	51%	39%	29%	35%	59%	3%	82%	38%	6%	78%	43%	5%	85%	48%
He went so far that he threatened American democracy	52%	43%	60%	53%	53%	49%	60%	47%	83%	55%	62%	63%	45%	60%	38%	72%	65%	54%	62%	44%	52%	64%	58%	37%	96%	10%	42%	92%	14%	50%	92%	7%	45%
[VOL] Don't know/Refused	6%	6%	6%	7%	4%	5%	4%	6%	2%	7%	8%	6%	6%	6%	6%	5%	6%	5%	5%	5%	9%	7%	7%	4%	<1%	9%	19%	2%	7%	7%	3%	8%	7%
Number of respondents	875	434	429	145	226	288	176	600	89	91	63	424	444	298	300	109	132	177	182	325	191	216	361	298	405	406	64	275	223	295	393	314	120
Percent of total electorate	100%	47%	53%	12%	21%	33%	28%	69%	10%	10%	7%	40%	59%	28%	41%	11%	16%	22%	20%	34%	24%	22%	43%	35%	46%	47%	7%	34%	28%	31%	46%	40%	9%

How much attention would you say you are paying to news about the legal cases against Donald Trump?
	Likely Electorate	Gender		Age				Race/Ethnicity				Education		Race/Education				Region				Neighborhood Type			2024 Vote Choice			Party ID			2020 Vote
	Likely Electorate	Men	Women	18-29	30-44	45-64	65+	White	Black	Hispanic	Oth.	B.A.+	No B.A.	White, college	White, no college	Non-white, college	Non-white, no college	Midwest	North-East	South	West	City	Suburb	Rural/ Small Town	Biden	Trump	Oth.	Dem.	Rep.	Ind.	Biden	Trump	Did not vote
A lot of attention	29%	31%	26%	13%	17%	29%	44%	29%	26%	28%	25%	30%	28%	31%	28%	26%	27%	24%	29%	26%	36%	36%	30%	22%	34%	26%	11%	34%	29%	27%	34%	27%	12%
Some attention	37%	35%	39%	33%	47%	37%	32%	36%	40%	41%	32%	35%	38%	35%	37%	36%	39%	37%	35%	41%	33%	35%	36%	39%	41%	34%	30%	43%	31%	36%	40%	35%	27%
Only a little attention	22%	19%	24%	42%	21%	23%	15%	22%	21%	19%	33%	23%	21%	22%	22%	28%	21%	30%	20%	19%	20%	20%	22%	23%	19%	23%	30%	16%	25%	24%	20%	21%	37%
No attention at all	12%	14%	11%	11%	16%	11%	9%	13%	13%	9%	11%	12%	12%	12%	13%	9%	11%	9%	16%	13%	11%	9%	11%	16%	6%	17%	25%	6%	14%	12%	6%	17%	22%
[VOL] Don't know/Refused	<.5%	<.5%	<.5%	<1%	<.5%	0%	0%	<.5%	0%	2%	0%	<.5%	<.5%	<.5%	0%	0%	2%	<.5%	0%	<1%	<.5%	0%	<1%	<.5%	<.5%	0%	3%	<.5%	0%	<.5%	0%	0%	1%
Number of respondents	875	434	429	145	226	288	176	600	89	91	63	424	444	298	300	109	132	177	182	325	191	216	361	298	405	406	64	275	223	295	393	314	120
Percent of total electorate	100%	47%	53%	12%	21%	33%	28%	69%	10%	10%	7%	40%	59%	28%	41%	11%	16%	22%	20%	34%	24%	22%	43%	35%	46%	47%	7%	34%	28%	31%	46%	40%	9%

Regardless of whether you think Donald Trump did this, do you think the charges that he falsified business records related to hush money payments made to the porn star Stormy Daniels are very serious, somewhat serious, not too serious or not at all serious?
	Likely Electorate	Gender		Age				Race/Ethnicity				Education		Race/Education				Region				Neighborhood Type			2024 Vote Choice			Party ID			2020 Vote
	Likely Electorate	Men	Women	18-29	30-44	45-64	65+	White	Black	Hispanic	Oth.	B.A.+	No B.A.	White, college	White, no college	Non-white, college	Non-white, no college	Midwest	North-East	South	West	City	Suburb	Rural/ Small Town	Biden	Trump	Oth.	Dem.	Rep.	Ind.	Biden	Trump	Did not vote
Very serious	30%	19%	40%	33%	30%	30%	32%	25%	57%	42%	32%	33%	28%	32%	21%	36%	50%	31%	35%	25%	33%	41%	32%	21%	55%	6%	22%	57%	7%	25%	54%	4%	29%
Somewhat serious	27%	25%	29%	39%	26%	25%	29%	27%	25%	25%	42%	32%	24%	29%	25%	41%	21%	27%	30%	25%	28%	26%	31%	23%	36%	19%	24%	33%	21%	27%	33%	17%	40%
Not too serious	15%	19%	11%	16%	18%	14%	14%	18%	3%	13%	7%	11%	18%	12%	21%	5%	9%	15%	15%	14%	16%	15%	11%	20%	5%	25%	13%	5%	26%	16%	6%	27%	9%
Not at all serious	22%	31%	15%	11%	20%	25%	21%	25%	12%	13%	15%	18%	24%	20%	28%	13%	14%	23%	14%	29%	19%	15%	20%	30%	2%	44%	12%	3%	43%	22%	4%	46%	16%
[VOL] Don’t know/Refused	5%	6%	5%	2%	5%	6%	4%	6%	4%	7%	4%	6%	5%	6%	5%	5%	5%	5%	6%	6%	4%	4%	6%	5%	2%	6%	30%	2%	3%	10%	3%	5%	7%
NET Serious	57%	44%	69%	71%	57%	55%	61%	52%	82%	67%	74%	65%	53%	61%	46%	77%	72%	58%	65%	50%	61%	66%	63%	45%	92%	25%	46%	90%	28%	52%	87%	22%	68%
NET Not serious	37%	50%	26%	27%	38%	39%	35%	43%	15%	26%	22%	29%	42%	32%	49%	18%	23%	37%	29%	43%	35%	30%	30%	50%	7%	69%	24%	8%	68%	38%	10%	73%	24%
Number of respondents	875	434	429	145	226	288	176	600	89	91	63	424	444	298	300	109	132	177	182	325	191	216	361	298	405	406	64	275	223	295	393	314	120
Percent of total electorate	100%	47%	53%	12%	21%	33%	28%	69%	10%	10%	7%	40%	59%	28%	41%	11%	16%	22%	20%	34%	24%	22%	43%	35%	46%	47%	7%	34%	28%	31%	46%	40%	9%

Thinking about the New York State trial of Donald Trump related to hush money payments made to the porn star Stormy Daniels, do you think he should be found guilty or not guilty?
	Likely Electorate	Gender		Age				Race/Ethnicity				Education		Race/Education				Region				Neighborhood Type			2024 Vote Choice			Party ID			2020 Vote
	Likely Electorate	Men	Women	18-29	30-44	45-64	65+	White	Black	Hispanic	Oth.	B.A.+	No B.A.	White, college	White, no college	Non-white, college	Non-white, no college	Midwest	North-East	South	West	City	Suburb	Rural/ Small Town	Biden	Trump	Oth.	Dem.	Rep.	Ind.	Biden	Trump	Did not vote
Donald Trump should be found guilty	46%	35%	56%	61%	44%	45%	47%	39%	75%	58%	67%	53%	42%	49%	33%	63%	68%	40%	56%	39%	54%	58%	51%	32%	86%	9%	33%	86%	11%	40%	82%	7%	45%
Donald Trump should be found NOT guilty	37%	46%	29%	23%	34%	41%	39%	42%	14%	28%	21%	27%	43%	30%	50%	21%	22%	34%	30%	47%	31%	30%	32%	48%	2%	74%	14%	5%	73%	38%	5%	77%	25%
[VOL] Don't know/Refused	17%	19%	15%	16%	22%	14%	13%	18%	10%	14%	12%	19%	16%	21%	17%	15%	10%	26%	14%	15%	15%	12%	17%	20%	12%	17%	53%	9%	16%	22%	13%	15%	31%
Number of respondents	875	434	429	145	226	288	176	600	89	91	63	424	444	298	300	109	132	177	182	325	191	216	361	298	405	406	64	275	223	295	393	314	120
Percent of total electorate	100%	47%	53%	12%	21%	33%	28%	69%	10%	10%	7%	40%	59%	28%	41%	11%	16%	22%	20%	34%	24%	22%	43%	35%	46%	47%	7%	34%	28%	31%	46%	40%	9%

In the dispute between Israel and the Palestinians [pah-luh-stin-ians], which side do you sympathize with more: Israel or the Palestinians [pah-luh-stin-ians]?
	Likely Electorate	Gender		Age				Race/Ethnicity				Education		Race/Education				Region				Neighborhood Type			2024 Vote Choice			Party ID			2020 Vote
	Likely Electorate	Men	Women	18-29	30-44	45-64	65+	White	Black	Hispanic	Oth.	B.A.+	No B.A.	White, college	White, no college	Non-white, college	Non-white, no college	Midwest	North-East	South	West	City	Suburb	Rural/ Small Town	Biden	Trump	Oth.	Dem.	Rep.	Ind.	Biden	Trump	Did not vote
Israel	45%	53%	38%	15%	33%	54%	54%	51%	28%	28%	26%	38%	49%	45%	54%	20%	33%	43%	41%	48%	45%	37%	42%	53%	25%	68%	23%	26%	69%	45%	25%	73%	26%
Palestinians	23%	19%	28%	51%	31%	15%	19%	19%	36%	33%	49%	29%	20%	24%	15%	44%	34%	15%	33%	18%	32%	37%	21%	17%	42%	7%	15%	42%	7%	22%	40%	4%	30%
[VOL] Both equally (Includes neither)	17%	15%	20%	14%	18%	19%	17%	18%	20%	17%	14%	18%	17%	17%	18%	21%	15%	20%	16%	21%	12%	13%	21%	16%	19%	14%	26%	19%	12%	19%	21%	12%	24%
[VOL] Don’t know/Refused	14%	13%	15%	19%	18%	13%	11%	13%	16%	22%	11%	14%	14%	14%	13%	15%	18%	22%	11%	14%	12%	14%	15%	14%	14%	11%	36%	13%	11%	14%	14%	11%	20%
Number of respondents	875	434	429	145	226	288	176	600	89	91	63	424	444	298	300	109	132	177	182	325	191	216	361	298	405	406	64	275	223	295	393	314	120
Percent of total electorate	100%	47%	53%	12%	21%	33%	28%	69%	10%	10%	7%	40%	59%	28%	41%	11%	16%	22%	20%	34%	24%	22%	43%	35%	46%	47%	7%	34%	28%	31%	46%	40%	9%

What single news source do you turn to most often? This could include a social media site or a news site.
	Likely Electorate	Gender		Age				Race/Ethnicity				Education		Race/Education				Region				Neighborhood Type			2024 Vote Choice			Party ID			2020 Vote
	Likely Electorate	Men	Women	18-29	30-44	45-64	65+	White	Black	Hispanic	Oth.	B.A.+	No B.A.	White, college	White, no college	Non-white, college	Non-white, no college	Midwest	North-East	South	West	City	Suburb	Rural/ Small Town	Biden	Trump	Oth.	Dem.	Rep.	Ind.	Biden	Trump	Did not vote
[VOL] Fox News	12%	13%	11%	6%	8%	13%	16%	14%	4%	4%	7%	9%	13%	11%	16%	5%	4%	6%	12%	17%	10%	8%	11%	16%	1%	24%	3%	2%	31%	7%	<1%	27%	8%
[VOL] CNN	10%	10%	10%	8%	8%	11%	12%	9%	20%	6%	15%	10%	10%	8%	9%	16%	13%	8%	13%	9%	11%	12%	10%	9%	16%	4%	5%	18%	2%	10%	15%	3%	17%
[VOL] MSNBC	3%	2%	5%	0%	1%	3%	8%	3%	6%	3%	0%	4%	3%	3%	4%	4%	3%	4%	5%	3%	3%	3%	5%	2%	7%	<.5%	0%	7%	<1%	3%	6%	<1%	0%
[VOL] Public Radio/NPR/PBS	4%	3%	6%	3%	7%	3%	5%	5%	2%	4%	<.5%	8%	2%	11%	1%	2%	2%	6%	5%	4%	2%	3%	7%	2%	8%	<.5%	6%	6%	2%	4%	7%	<.5%	7%
[VOL] Talk radio/conservative personality	1%	2%	1%	2%	<.5%	1%	1%	1%	0%	2%	0%	<.5%	2%	<.5%	2%	0%	1%	2%	2%	<1%	1%	2%	2%	<.5%	<.5%	3%	0%	<.5%	3%	1%	<.5%	3%	1%
[VOL] National television networks, like CBS, NBC or ABC	12%	9%	14%	3%	8%	13%	16%	12%	14%	22%	1%	11%	12%	13%	11%	9%	16%	17%	11%	8%	13%	9%	13%	12%	15%	7%	23%	17%	8%	10%	17%	7%	7%
[VOL] Local broadcast news (includes non-talk, non-public local radio)	8%	7%	10%	5%	6%	9%	11%	7%	15%	13%	2%	5%	10%	5%	8%	6%	14%	11%	10%	6%	8%	8%	8%	8%	9%	8%	4%	10%	9%	5%	9%	8%	8%
[VOL] National print or online news organizations, like The New York Times or The Wall Street Journal	5%	5%	6%	5%	7%	5%	4%	6%	2%	3%	6%	11%	2%	12%	2%	6%	2%	4%	7%	4%	6%	8%	6%	3%	11%	<1%	<.5%	11%	<.5%	5%	10%	<.5%	<.5%
[VOL] Local print or online news organizations	<.5%	<.5%	<.5%	<1%	<.5%	<.5%	<.5%	<1%	0%	0%	0%	<.5%	<.5%	<1%	<.5%	0%	0%	<.5%	0%	<.5%	<1%	0%	<1%	<.5%	<.5%	<.5%	0%	0%	<.5%	<1%	<.5%	<.5%	0%
[VOL] Social media	16%	16%	15%	44%	22%	12%	2%	12%	17%	26%	38%	16%	15%	12%	12%	28%	25%	11%	17%	17%	16%	17%	15%	15%	13%	17%	22%	14%	13%	16%	15%	13%	27%
[VOL] Friends and family	<.5%	<.5%	<.5%	0%	<.5%	0%	0%	<.5%	0%	0%	0%	<.5%	<.5%	<.5%	<.5%	0%	0%	0%	0%	<.5%	0%	0%	0%	<.5%	0%	<.5%	<.5%	0%	<.5%	<.5%	0%	<.5%	<.5%
[VOL] International news sources (such as the BBC, Al Jazeera and The Guardian)	2%	1%	2%	1%	4%	1%	<1%	2%	<1%	0%	6%	3%	<1%	2%	1%	4%	<1%	3%	<1%	<1%	2%	2%	2%	<1%	3%	<1%	0%	2%	<.5%	2%	3%	<.5%	<1%
[VOL] Aggregation sites (such as Bing, Google, Yahoo News or Apple News)	4%	3%	4%	4%	9%	3%	<.5%	4%	2%	4%	2%	5%	3%	4%	4%	7%	<1%	4%	3%	4%	4%	2%	2%	6%	4%	4%	2%	4%	3%	4%	4%	3%	7%
[VOL] Conservative news sites	3%	4%	2%	2%	2%	3%	5%	4%	2%	<1%	1%	2%	4%	2%	5%	1%	2%	4%	<1%	3%	5%	3%	4%	2%	<1%	6%	2%	0%	6%	4%	<1%	7%	<.5%
[VOL] Newsmax	2%	3%	<.5%	0%	<.5%	3%	1%	2%	2%	<1%	2%	<1%	2%	<1%	3%	1%	1%	2%	<.5%	3%	<1%	<1%	2%	2%	0%	3%	2%	0%	2%	3%	0%	4%	0%
[VOL] Liberal news sites (Such as Mother Jones and Occupy Democrats)	<.5%	<.5%	<.5%	0%	<.5%	<1%	0%	<.5%	<1%	0%	0%	<.5%	<.5%	<.5%	<.5%	<1%	0%	0%	0%	<1%	<.5%	<.5%	<.5%	0%	<.5%	<.5%	0%	0%	0%	<1%	<.5%	0%	<1%
[VOL] Doesn’t consume news	3%	3%	3%	5%	2%	4%	2%	3%	1%	3%	2%	2%	4%	2%	5%	<.5%	3%	2%	4%	3%	3%	2%	3%	4%	1%	5%	2%	<1%	6%	3%	<1%	5%	3%
[VOL] Other (includes no preference and the internet)	10%	12%	7%	7%	11%	11%	9%	10%	6%	6%	11%	9%	11%	9%	11%	8%	7%	12%	6%	11%	9%	14%	6%	12%	8%	11%	17%	6%	7%	15%	8%	13%	8%
[VOL] Don't know/Refused	4%	6%	3%	5%	4%	4%	6%	4%	4%	2%	5%	4%	5%	5%	4%	<1%	4%	5%	3%	5%	5%	4%	3%	6%	3%	5%	11%	2%	6%	5%	3%	6%	5%
Number of respondents	875	434	429	145	226	288	176	600	89	91	63	424	444	298	300	109	132	177	182	325	191	216	361	298	405	406	64	275	223	295	393	314	120
Percent of total electorate	100%	47%	53%	12%	21%	33%	28%	69%	10%	10%	7%	40%	59%	28%	41%	11%	16%	22%	20%	34%	24%	22%	43%	35%	46%	47%	7%	34%	28%	31%	46%	40%	9%

How often, if ever, do you use social media, such as Facebook, Instagram, TikTok or others?
	Likely Electorate	Gender		Age				Race/Ethnicity				Education		Race/Education				Region				Neighborhood Type			2024 Vote Choice			Party ID			2020 Vote
	Likely Electorate	Men	Women	18-29	30-44	45-64	65+	White	Black	Hispanic	Oth.	B.A.+	No B.A.	White, college	White, no college	Non-white, college	Non-white, no college	Midwest	North-East	South	West	City	Suburb	Rural/ Small Town	Biden	Trump	Oth.	Dem.	Rep.	Ind.	Biden	Trump	Did not vote
Often	52%	47%	56%	82%	56%	55%	36%	49%	61%	59%	57%	56%	49%	52%	48%	69%	54%	46%	55%	54%	51%	53%	51%	52%	54%	52%	32%	58%	50%	48%	55%	49%	56%
Sometimes	17%	17%	18%	11%	17%	17%	22%	18%	17%	14%	17%	15%	19%	18%	18%	10%	21%	20%	18%	14%	19%	21%	13%	19%	16%	16%	30%	15%	22%	16%	17%	18%	10%
Rarely	14%	16%	12%	5%	14%	13%	18%	15%	9%	16%	10%	14%	14%	14%	15%	11%	13%	15%	9%	17%	14%	10%	18%	12%	14%	13%	20%	11%	14%	17%	14%	13%	15%
Never	17%	19%	14%	2%	13%	15%	23%	18%	13%	11%	15%	15%	17%	16%	19%	11%	12%	20%	19%	14%	16%	16%	17%	17%	15%	18%	15%	15%	15%	19%	14%	20%	19%
[VOL] Don't know/Refused	<.5%	<.5%	<.5%	0%	0%	0%	<1%	0%	0%	0%	<1%	0%	<.5%	0%	0%	0%	<.5%	0%	0%	<1%	0%	0%	<.5%	<.5%	<.5%	0%	2%	<.5%	0%	0%	<.5%	0%	0%
Number of respondents	875	434	429	145	226	288	176	600	89	91	63	424	444	298	300	109	132	177	182	325	191	216	361	298	405	406	64	275	223	295	393	314	120
Percent of total electorate	100%	47%	53%	12%	21%	33%	28%	69%	10%	10%	7%	40%	59%	28%	41%	11%	16%	22%	20%	34%	24%	22%	43%	35%	46%	47%	7%	34%	28%	31%	46%	40%	9%

(If social media user) How often, if ever, do you use TikTok?
	Likely Electorate	Gender		Age				Race/Ethnicity				Education		Race/Education				Region				Neighborhood Type			2024 Vote Choice			Party ID			2020 Vote
	Likely Electorate	Men	Women	18-29	30-44	45-64	65+	White	Black	Hispanic	Oth.	B.A.+	No B.A.	White, college	White, no college	Non-white, college	Non-white, no college	Midwest	North-East	South	West	City	Suburb	Rural/ Small Town	Biden	Trump	Oth.	Dem.	Rep.	Ind.	Biden	Trump	Did not vote
Often	14%	12%	16%	44%	19%	10%	3%	10%	34%	25%	16%	12%	16%	7%	12%	23%	28%	10%	14%	16%	14%	16%	13%	14%	13%	15%	9%	16%	14%	13%	15%	13%	20%
Sometimes	8%	8%	8%	11%	13%	8%	4%	8%	9%	12%	3%	8%	8%	8%	8%	9%	9%	9%	8%	7%	8%	7%	7%	10%	7%	9%	9%	8%	7%	8%	7%	8%	9%
Rarely	12%	11%	12%	14%	12%	13%	9%	10%	14%	17%	14%	12%	11%	11%	10%	14%	16%	12%	10%	13%	11%	9%	15%	9%	16%	8%	5%	15%	7%	11%	16%	7%	7%
Never	49%	49%	50%	29%	43%	54%	60%	54%	31%	35%	51%	54%	47%	58%	52%	44%	35%	49%	49%	49%	51%	52%	48%	50%	48%	50%	59%	45%	58%	49%	48%	51%	45%
[VOL] Don't know/Refused	<.5%	0%	<.5%	0%	0%	<.5%	0%	<.5%	0%	0%	0%	<.5%	0%	<.5%	0%	0%	0%	0%	<.5%	0%	0%	<.5%	0%	0%	<.5%	0%	0%	<.5%	0%	0%	<.5%	0%	0%
[PREVIOUSLY] Never use social media	17%	19%	14%	2%	13%	15%	23%	18%	13%	11%	15%	15%	17%	16%	19%	11%	12%	20%	19%	14%	16%	16%	17%	17%	15%	18%	15%	15%	15%	19%	14%	20%	19%
[PREVIOUSLY] Don't know/Refused	<.5%	<.5%	<.5%	0%	0%	0%	<1%	0%	0%	0%	<1%	0%	<.5%	0%	0%	0%	<.5%	0%	0%	<1%	0%	0%	<.5%	<.5%	<.5%	0%	2%	<.5%	0%	0%	<.5%	0%	0%
Number of respondents	875	434	429	145	226	288	176	600	89	91	63	424	444	298	300	109	132	177	182	325	191	216	361	298	405	406	64	275	223	295	393	314	120
Percent of total electorate	100%	47%	53%	12%	21%	33%	28%	69%	10%	10%	7%	40%	59%	28%	41%	11%	16%	22%	20%	34%	24%	22%	43%	35%	46%	47%	7%	34%	28%	31%	46%	40%	9%

And just a few more questions for demographic purposes... Do you consider yourself politically liberal, moderate or conservative?
	Likely Electorate	Gender		Age				Race/Ethnicity				Education		Race/Education				Region				Neighborhood Type			2024 Vote Choice			Party ID			2020 Vote
	Likely Electorate	Men	Women	18-29	30-44	45-64	65+	White	Black	Hispanic	Oth.	B.A.+	No B.A.	White, college	White, no college	Non-white, college	Non-white, no college	Midwest	North-East	South	West	City	Suburb	Rural/ Small Town	Biden	Trump	Oth.	Dem.	Rep.	Ind.	Biden	Trump	Did not vote
Very liberal	12%	10%	14%	21%	12%	12%	9%	12%	12%	7%	18%	19%	8%	19%	8%	18%	8%	10%	16%	9%	14%	17%	13%	8%	25%	<1%	4%	29%	0%	7%	25%	<1%	2%
Somewhat liberal	12%	8%	16%	23%	12%	8%	13%	10%	18%	17%	19%	13%	11%	13%	8%	15%	20%	9%	14%	12%	13%	11%	14%	10%	22%	3%	5%	21%	<1%	13%	21%	1%	13%
Moderate	35%	36%	35%	31%	37%	36%	34%	34%	38%	40%	43%	41%	31%	37%	31%	51%	34%	37%	38%	34%	35%	37%	38%	31%	41%	30%	33%	37%	23%	45%	41%	26%	46%
Somewhat conservative	19%	19%	19%	8%	22%	23%	17%	20%	13%	22%	7%	13%	22%	15%	24%	10%	15%	23%	16%	21%	16%	15%	17%	25%	7%	30%	30%	7%	35%	18%	8%	33%	22%
Very conservative	18%	23%	14%	11%	14%	17%	25%	21%	15%	11%	12%	11%	23%	14%	25%	5%	18%	17%	12%	21%	20%	15%	17%	21%	3%	34%	10%	4%	39%	14%	3%	38%	8%
[VOL] Don't know/Refused	3%	4%	3%	5%	4%	4%	1%	3%	4%	3%	1%	2%	4%	2%	3%	2%	3%	4%	3%	4%	3%	5%	2%	4%	3%	2%	17%	3%	2%	4%	3%	2%	8%
Number of respondents	875	434	429	145	226	288	176	600	89	91	63	424	444	298	300	109	132	177	182	325	191	216	361	298	405	406	64	275	223	295	393	314	120
Percent of total electorate	100%	47%	53%	12%	21%	33%	28%	69%	10%	10%	7%	40%	59%	28%	41%	11%	16%	22%	20%	34%	24%	22%	43%	35%	46%	47%	7%	34%	28%	31%	46%	40%	9%

Which of the following general income categories is your total household income before taxes?
	Likely Electorate	Gender		Age				Race/Ethnicity				Education		Race/Education				Region				Neighborhood Type			2024 Vote Choice			Party ID			2020 Vote
	Likely Electorate	Men	Women	18-29	30-44	45-64	65+	White	Black	Hispanic	Oth.	B.A.+	No B.A.	White, college	White, no college	Non-white, college	Non-white, no college	Midwest	North-East	South	West	City	Suburb	Rural/ Small Town	Biden	Trump	Oth.	Dem.	Rep.	Ind.	Biden	Trump	Did not vote
Under $25,000	8%	7%	9%	12%	5%	4%	16%	8%	17%	4%	5%	3%	12%	4%	12%	3%	12%	9%	5%	10%	9%	8%	6%	11%	8%	8%	13%	9%	8%	8%	8%	8%	15%
At least $25,000 but under $50,000	14%	11%	17%	18%	9%	11%	19%	12%	20%	20%	14%	8%	17%	9%	15%	5%	26%	15%	6%	16%	16%	19%	11%	13%	16%	12%	9%	18%	14%	9%	15%	10%	23%
At least $50,000 but under $100,000	26%	21%	32%	29%	30%	22%	30%	28%	23%	29%	22%	22%	30%	22%	32%	23%	27%	27%	27%	26%	27%	20%	27%	29%	26%	27%	32%	26%	33%	22%	26%	28%	31%
At least $100,000 but under $200,000	29%	36%	23%	22%	33%	39%	19%	31%	26%	26%	23%	36%	24%	36%	28%	39%	16%	30%	32%	25%	32%	28%	32%	27%	29%	31%	17%	26%	27%	33%	29%	34%	14%
$200,000 or more	14%	18%	12%	10%	19%	19%	9%	15%	8%	8%	28%	25%	7%	26%	8%	24%	7%	15%	16%	15%	12%	17%	15%	12%	16%	13%	6%	16%	12%	17%	17%	13%	8%
[VOL] Refused	8%	7%	8%	9%	5%	6%	7%	6%	6%	13%	9%	6%	9%	4%	7%	5%	12%	5%	15%	8%	4%	8%	8%	8%	5%	9%	21%	4%	7%	10%	5%	8%	9%
Number of respondents	875	434	429	145	226	288	176	600	89	91	63	424	444	298	300	109	132	177	182	325	191	216	361	298	405	406	64	275	223	295	393	314	120
Percent of total electorate	100%	47%	53%	12%	21%	33%	28%	69%	10%	10%	7%	40%	59%	28%	41%	11%	16%	22%	20%	34%	24%	22%	43%	35%	46%	47%	7%	34%	28%	31%	46%	40%	9%

Do you consider yourself Catholic, Protestant, Mormon, Jewish, Muslim, some other religion, or do you have no religious affiliation?
	Likely Electorate	Gender		Age				Race/Ethnicity				Education		Race/Education				Region				Neighborhood Type			2024 Vote Choice			Party ID			2020 Vote
	Likely Electorate	Men	Women	18-29	30-44	45-64	65+	White	Black	Hispanic	Oth.	B.A.+	No B.A.	White, college	White, no college	Non-white, college	Non-white, no college	Midwest	North-East	South	West	City	Suburb	Rural/ Small Town	Biden	Trump	Oth.	Dem.	Rep.	Ind.	Biden	Trump	Did not vote
Catholic	20%	19%	21%	21%	15%	19%	24%	18%	11%	45%	21%	19%	20%	17%	17%	25%	27%	20%	29%	16%	18%	12%	26%	17%	21%	20%	13%	23%	20%	17%	19%	20%	21%
Protestant (Christian)	29%	31%	28%	28%	20%	30%	35%	30%	36%	22%	24%	34%	26%	35%	27%	34%	24%	23%	23%	37%	28%	31%	27%	32%	22%	37%	28%	21%	41%	28%	22%	39%	20%
Mormon (LDS)	2%	2%	2%	2%	1%	<1%	3%	2%	0%	1%	0%	1%	2%	2%	3%	0%	<1%	1%	0%	<1%	5%	2%	3%	<.5%	<1%	3%	0%	<.5%	4%	<1%	<1%	3%	<.5%
Jewish	2%	2%	2%	3%	2%	2%	2%	3%	3%	0%	2%	4%	1%	5%	1%	0%	2%	<1%	6%	1%	2%	5%	2%	2%	4%	<1%	3%	4%	<.5%	2%	4%	<.5%	5%
Muslim	<1%	<1%	<.5%	1%	<1%	0%	<1%	<.5%	0%	0%	8%	2%	<.5%	<.5%	<.5%	5%	0%	0%	1%	<.5%	2%	2%	<.5%	<.5%	1%	<.5%	0%	2%	0%	<.5%	1%	<.5%	0%
[VOL] Christian (includes Baptist, Lutheran, Episcopalian, Methodist, Adventist, Presbyterian)	11%	9%	13%	6%	10%	14%	13%	10%	29%	3%	6%	5%	16%	4%	15%	7%	17%	15%	9%	13%	7%	13%	8%	15%	9%	14%	4%	11%	18%	8%	10%	13%	10%
[VOL] Greek/Russian Orthodox	<.5%	0%	<.5%	0%	0%	<1%	0%	<.5%	0%	0%	0%	<.5%	<.5%	<.5%	<.5%	0%	0%	0%	<.5%	<.5%	0%	0%	<.5%	0%	0%	<.5%	1%	0%	<1%	0%	0%	<.5%	0%
Some other religion (specify)	3%	3%	3%	3%	3%	3%	3%	3%	3%	<.5%	5%	3%	3%	3%	2%	<.5%	4%	2%	4%	2%	4%	4%	2%	2%	3%	3%	2%	2%	2%	3%	2%	3%	3%
No religious affiliation	29%	31%	27%	34%	46%	29%	17%	31%	16%	26%	32%	29%	29%	31%	32%	26%	23%	33%	24%	26%	33%	30%	29%	28%	39%	19%	30%	36%	13%	36%	39%	17%	39%
[VOL] Don't know/Refused	3%	2%	4%	2%	2%	2%	3%	2%	2%	3%	1%	3%	3%	1%	2%	3%	1%	4%	3%	4%	<1%	2%	2%	5%	<1%	3%	18%	<1%	1%	5%	2%	4%	1%
Number of respondents	875	434	429	145	226	288	176	600	89	91	63	424	444	298	300	109	132	177	182	325	191	216	361	298	405	406	64	275	223	295	393	314	120
Percent of total electorate	100%	47%	53%	12%	21%	33%	28%	69%	10%	10%	7%	40%	59%	28%	41%	11%	16%	22%	20%	34%	24%	22%	43%	35%	46%	47%	7%	34%	28%	31%	46%	40%	9%

(If Protestant, Christian, Mormon, Greek/Russian Orthodox or some other religion) Do you consider yourself an evangelical or born-again Christian?
	Likely Electorate	Gender		Age				Race/Ethnicity				Education		Race/Education				Region				Neighborhood Type			2024 Vote Choice			Party ID			2020 Vote
	Likely Electorate	Men	Women	18-29	30-44	45-64	65+	White	Black	Hispanic	Oth.	B.A.+	No B.A.	White, college	White, no college	Non-white, college	Non-white, no college	Midwest	North-East	South	West	City	Suburb	Rural/ Small Town	Biden	Trump	Oth.	Dem.	Rep.	Ind.	Biden	Trump	Did not vote
Yes	27%	27%	27%	21%	22%	29%	31%	28%	42%	19%	20%	22%	31%	23%	31%	20%	33%	20%	16%	38%	27%	28%	22%	32%	17%	38%	20%	18%	44%	23%	18%	40%	20%
No	18%	18%	18%	18%	12%	20%	22%	18%	25%	8%	16%	21%	15%	21%	17%	22%	12%	21%	22%	15%	16%	21%	16%	18%	18%	18%	11%	18%	19%	16%	18%	18%	12%
[PREVIOUSLY] Catholic, Jewish, Muslim, no religious affiliation or refused	54%	54%	54%	61%	64%	50%	46%	53%	29%	73%	64%	56%	52%	55%	51%	58%	53%	58%	62%	45%	55%	49%	60%	49%	65%	42%	62%	64%	34%	59%	64%	39%	65%
[VOL] Refused	1%	1%	1%	<1%	2%	<1%	<1%	1%	3%	<1%	0%	1%	1%	1%	<1%	<1%	2%	1%	0%	2%	2%	2%	1%	1%	<.5%	2%	7%	0%	2%	2%	<.5%	2%	3%
Number of respondents	875	434	429	145	226	288	176	600	89	91	63	424	444	298	300	109	132	177	182	325	191	216	361	298	405	406	64	275	223	295	393	314	120
Percent of total electorate	100%	47%	53%	12%	21%	33%	28%	69%	10%	10%	7%	40%	59%	28%	41%	11%	16%	22%	20%	34%	24%	22%	43%	35%	46%	47%	7%	34%	28%	31%	46%	40%	9%

(If independent, another party or not sure) And as of today, do you lean more to:
	Likely Electorate	Gender		Age				Race/Ethnicity				Education		Race/Education				Region				Neighborhood Type			2024 Vote Choice			Party ID			2020 Vote
	Likely Electorate	Men	Women	18-29	30-44	45-64	65+	White	Black	Hispanic	Oth.	B.A.+	No B.A.	White, college	White, no college	Non-white, college	Non-white, no college	Midwest	North-East	South	West	City	Suburb	Rural/ Small Town	Biden	Trump	Oth.	Dem.	Rep.	Ind.	Biden	Trump	Did not vote
The Democratic Party	37%	31%	45%	43%	38%	38%	39%	35%	59%	32%	45%	49%	28%	52%	24%	47%	40%	33%	49%	28%	42%	52%	41%	22%	90%	5%	3%	-	-	42%	78%	3%	28%
The Republican Party	45%	54%	32%	40%	45%	45%	45%	51%	17%	36%	35%	34%	53%	31%	63%	30%	32%	43%	35%	58%	38%	29%	37%	64%	2%	84%	24%	-	-	42%	8%	87%	26%
[VOL] Don't know/Refused	18%	14%	23%	17%	17%	18%	16%	14%	24%	32%	20%	18%	19%	17%	13%	23%	28%	24%	16%	14%	21%	19%	21%	14%	8%	11%	73%	-	-	16%	14%	9%	46%
Number of respondents	377	217	150	63	118	125	44	250	30	42	34	185	189	118	130	55	51	82	76	134	85	92	152	133	150	177	50			295	147	130	64
Percent of total electorate	100%	58%	40%	12%	27%	34%	18%	68%	7%	11%	9%	42%	57%	27%	40%	12%	14%	23%	19%	34%	24%	21%	41%	37%	38%	49%	13%			79%	39%	42%	9%

Combined: Party identification and leaners
	Likely Electorate	Gender		Age				Race/Ethnicity				Education		Race/Education				Region				Neighborhood Type			2024 Vote Choice			Party ID			2020 Vote
	Likely Electorate	Men	Women	18-29	30-44	45-64	65+	White	Black	Hispanic	Oth.	B.A.+	No B.A.	White, college	White, no college	Non-white, college	Non-white, no college	Midwest	North-East	South	West	City	Suburb	Rural/ Small Town	Biden	Trump	Oth.	Dem.	Rep.	Ind.	Biden	Trump	Did not vote
The Democratic Party	48%	38%	57%	56%	48%	45%	51%	41%	82%	54%	68%	59%	40%	56%	31%	70%	66%	40%	60%	41%	53%	64%	52%	32%	94%	8%	6%	100%	0%	42%	90%	4%	37%
The Republican Party	45%	55%	36%	38%	44%	48%	45%	53%	12%	33%	23%	33%	53%	38%	64%	20%	24%	50%	34%	53%	39%	29%	40%	62%	3%	88%	38%	0%	100%	42%	6%	92%	46%
[VOL] Don't know/Refused	7%	7%	7%	6%	8%	7%	4%	5%	7%	13%	10%	7%	7%	6%	5%	11%	10%	10%	6%	5%	8%	7%	8%	6%	2%	5%	56%	0%	0%	16%	5%	4%	18%
Number of respondents	875	434	429	145	226	288	176	600	89	91	63	424	444	298	300	109	132	177	182	325	191	216	361	298	405	406	64	275	223	295	393	314	120
Percent of total electorate	100%	47%	53%	12%	21%	33%	28%	69%	10%	10%	7%	40%	59%	28%	41%	11%	16%	22%	20%	34%	24%	22%	43%	35%	46%	47%	7%	34%	28%	31%	46%	40%	9%

Would you be open to commenting on the issues in this survey and be interested in being contacted by a reporter?
	Likely Electorate	Gender		Age				Race/Ethnicity				Education		Race/Education				Region				Neighborhood Type			2024 Vote Choice			Party ID			2020 Vote
	Likely Electorate	Men	Women	18-29	30-44	45-64	65+	White	Black	Hispanic	Oth.	B.A.+	No B.A.	White, college	White, no college	Non-white, college	Non-white, no college	Midwest	North-East	South	West	City	Suburb	Rural/ Small Town	Biden	Trump	Oth.	Dem.	Rep.	Ind.	Biden	Trump	Did not vote
Yes	32%	38%	26%	44%	37%	31%	27%	30%	39%	29%	42%	35%	30%	34%	28%	39%	35%	28%	36%	29%	35%	34%	33%	29%	37%	29%	15%	35%	27%	34%	38%	28%	19%
No	68%	62%	74%	56%	63%	69%	73%	70%	61%	71%	58%	65%	70%	66%	72%	61%	65%	72%	64%	71%	65%	66%	67%	71%	63%	71%	85%	65%	73%	66%	62%	72%	81%
Number of respondents	875	434	429	145	226	288	176	600	89	91	63	424	444	298	300	109	132	177	182	325	191	216	361	298	405	406	64	275	223	295	393	314	120
Percent of total electorate	100%	47%	53%	12%	21%	33%	28%	69%	10%	10%	7%	40%	59%	28%	41%	11%	16%	22%	20%	34%	24%	22%	43%	35%	46%	47%	7%	34%	28%	31%	46%	40%	9%

Party ID is self-identified party, without leaners; independents include only self-identified independents.

Gender is self-reported if the respondent completed the full questionnaire; otherwise, it is based on the interviewer’s determination. If neither are available, it is as reported on the voter file.

Neighborhood type is a New York Times classification based on each voter’s address. Voters within a metropolitan area’s central city are classified as living in a city. Voters living in a metropolitan area but outside the central city are considered suburban if they live in a census-designated urban area. All other voters — those living in nonmetropolitan areas, and those living in non-urbanized parts of metropolitan areas outside the central city — are classified as living in small towns or rural areas.

How This Poll Was Conducted

Here are the key things to know about this Times/Siena poll:

• We spoke with 1,059 registered voters from April 7 to 11, 2024.

• Our polls are conducted by telephone, using live interviewers, in both English and Spanish. More than 95 percent of respondents were contacted on a cellphone for this poll.

• Voters are selected for the survey from a list of registered voters. The list contains information on the demographic characteristics of every registered voter, allowing us to make sure we reach the right number of voters of each party, race and region. For this poll, we placed nearly 127,000 calls to more than 93,000 voters.

• To further ensure that the results reflect the entire voting population, not just those willing to take a poll, we give more weight to respondents from demographic groups underrepresented among survey respondents, like people without a college degree. You can see more information about the characteristics of our respondents and the weighted sample at the bottom of the page, under “Composition of the Sample.”

• The poll’s margin of sampling error among registered voters is plus or minus 3.3 percentage points. In theory, this means that the results should reflect the views of the overall population most of the time, though many other challenges create additional sources of error. When computing the difference between two values — such as a candidate’s lead in a race — the margin of error is twice as large.

If you want to read more about how and why we conduct our polls, you can see answers to frequently asked questions and submit your own questions here.

Full Methodology

The New York Times/Siena College poll of 1,059 registered voters nationwide, including 875 who completed the full survey, was conducted in English and Spanish on cellular and landline telephones from April 7 to 11, 2024. The margin of sampling error is plus or minus 3.3 percentage points for registered voters and plus or minus 3.5 percentage points for the likely electorate. Among those who completed the full survey, the margin of sampling error is plus or minus 3.7 percentage points for registered voters and plus or minus 3.9 percentage points for the likely electorate.

Sample

The survey is a response rate-adjusted stratified sample of registered voters on the L2 voter file. The sample was selected by The New York Times in multiple steps to account for differential telephone coverage, nonresponse and significant variation in the productivity of telephone numbers by state.

First, records were selected by state. To adjust for noncoverage bias, the L2 voter file was stratified by statehouse district, party, race, gender, marital status, household size, turnout history, age and home ownership. The proportion of registrants with a telephone number and the mean expected response rate were calculated for each stratum. The mean expected response rate was based on a model of unit nonresponse in prior Times/Siena surveys. The initial selection weight was equal to the reciprocal of a stratum’s mean telephone coverage and modeled response rate. For respondents with multiple telephone numbers on the L2 file, the number with the highest modeled response rate was selected.

Second, state records were selected for the national sample. The number of records selected by state was based on a model of unit nonresponse in prior Times/Siena national surveys as a function of state, telephone number quality and other demographic and political characteristics. The state’s share of records was equal to the reciprocal of the mean response rate of the state’s records, divided by the national sum of the weights.

Fielding

The sample was stratified according to political party, race and region and fielded by the Siena College Research Institute, with additional field work by ReconMR, the Public Opinion Research Laboratory at the University of North Florida, the Institute of Policy and Opinion Research at Roanoke College, and the Center for Public Opinion and Policy Research at Winthrop University in South Carolina. Interviewers asked for the person named on the voter file and ended the interview if the intended respondent was not available. Overall, 95 percent of respondents were reached on a cellular telephone.

The instrument was translated into Spanish by ReconMR. Bilingual interviewers began the interview in English and were instructed to follow the lead of the respondent in determining whether to conduct the survey in English or Spanish. Monolingual Spanish-speaking respondents who were initially contacted by English-speaking interviewers were recontacted by Spanish-speaking interviewers. Overall, 12 percent of interviews among self-reported Hispanics were conducted in Spanish, including 13 percent of weighted interviews.

An interview was determined to be complete for the purposes of inclusion in the ballot test question if the respondent did not drop out of the survey by the end of the two self-reported variables used in weighting — age and education — and answered at least one of the age, education, race or presidential election ballot test questions.

Weighting — registered voters

The survey was weighted by The Times using the R survey package in multiple steps.

First, the sample was adjusted for unequal probability of selection by stratum.

Second, the sample was weighted to match voter file-based parameters for the characteristics of registered voters.

The following targets were used:

• Party (party registration if available, or else classification based on a model of vote choice in prior Times/Siena polls) by whether the respondent’s race is modeled as white or nonwhite (L2 model)

• Age (Self-reported age, or voter file age if the respondent refuses) by gender (L2)

• Race or ethnicity (L2 model)

• Education (four categories of self-reported education level, weighted to match NYT-based targets derived from Times/Siena polls, census data and the L2 voter file)

• White/non-white race by college or non-college educational attainment (L2 model of race weighted to match NYT-based targets for self-reported education)

• Marital status (L2 model)

• Home ownership (L2 model)

• National region (NYT classifications by state)

• Turnout history (NYT classifications based on L2 data)

• Method of voting in the 2020 elections (NYT classifications based on L2 data)

• Metropolitan status (2013 NCHS Urban-Rural Classification Scheme for Counties)

Finally, the sample of respondents who completed all questions in the survey was weighted identically, as well as to the result for the general election horse race question (including leaners) on the full sample.

Weighting — likely electorate

The survey was weighted by The Times using the R survey package in multiple steps.

First, the samples were adjusted for unequal probability of selection by stratum.

Second, the first-stage weight was adjusted to account for the probability that a registrant would vote in the 2024 election, based on a model of turnout in the 2020 election.

Third, the sample was weighted to match targets for the composition of the likely electorate. The targets for the composition of the likely electorate were derived by aggregating the individual-level turnout estimates described in the previous step for registrants on the L2 voter file. The categories used in weighting were the same as those previously mentioned for registered voters.

Fourth, the initial likely electorate weight was adjusted to incorporate self-reported intention to vote intention. The final probability that a registrant would vote in the 2024 election was four-fifths based on their ex ante modeled turnout score and one-fifth based on their self-reported intentions, based on prior Times/Siena polls, including a penalty to account for the tendency of survey respondents to turn out at higher rates than nonrespondents. The final likely electorate weight was equal to the modeled electorate rake weight, multiplied by the final turnout probability and divided by the ex ante modeled turnout probability.

The margin of error accounts for the survey’s design effect, a measure of the loss of statistical power due to survey design and weighting. The design effect for the full sample is 1.19 for registered voters and 1.39 for the likely electorate. The design effect for the sample of completed interviews is 1.23 for registered voters and 1.4 for the likely electorate.

Historically, The Times/Siena Poll’s error at the 95th percentile has been plus or minus 5.1 percentage points in surveys taken over the final three weeks before an election. Real-world error includes sources of error beyond sampling error, such as nonresponse bias, coverage error, late shifts among undecided voters and error in estimating the composition of the electorate.

Composition of the Sample

Group	Unweighted All R.V.s	Weighted All R.V.s	Weighted Likely Electorate	N
Gender
Men	49%	47%	47%	520
Women	50	52	53	527
Age
18 to 29	18	16	12	192
30 to 44	26	23	22	272
45 to 64	31	31	33	330
65 and older	20	25	28	210
Education
High school	19	30	28	197
Some college	34	31	31	365
College	26	23	25	275
Post-graduate	20	14	16	214
Home Ownership (L2 Model)
Likely renter	28	27	23	299
Likely homeowner	40	45	51	424
Unknown	32	28	26	336
Marital Status (L2 Model)
Married	31	33	39	323
Nontraditional	8	8	9	85
Unknown	61	58	52	651
Party (Self-Reported)
Democrat	30	31	33	315
Republican	26	27	28	274
Independent	34	32	31	365
Party (Based on L2 Data)
Democrat	32	34	36	337
Republican	29	29	33	307
Other	39	37	31	415
Race (L2 Model)
White	65	63	66	685
Hispanic	13	12	11	133
Black	10	10	9	101
Asian	2	3	3	21
Other	3	3	3	28
Race (L2 Model)
White	65	63	66	685
Nonwhite	27	29	26	284
National Region
Midwest	20	21	22	211
Northeast	20	20	20	208
South	39	35	35	408
West	22	23	24	232
Turnout History (Based on L2 Data)
Voted in last midterm and in a primary	38	41	51	404
Voted in last two midterms	23	23	26	242
Voted in last general, no midterm	13	13	11	136
Did not vote in last general or midterm	14	14	6	147
New registrant	12	9	6	130